三峡大老岭地区野生重楼属植物分布格局研究

Research on distribution pattern of wild Paris L.plants in Dalaoling Nature Reserve of the Three Gorges

野生重楼属植物资源是我国重要的药用植物.为掌握宜昌野生重楼种质资源分布和生长现状,推进野生资源的有效保护,更有效服务于宜昌林下中药材种植产业,我们采取野外实地样方调查、典型调查与室内相关资料查对相结合的方法,利用SPSS22.0软件进行统计分析.结果表明:①该地区主要分布野生重楼属植物有3种4变种,按照多度指标排序为七叶一枝花>球药隔重楼>华重楼>具柄重楼>小重楼>巴山重楼.②不同重楼分布因海拔、坡向、植被类型、土壤养分等因子而差异显著.③不同重楼分布格局方面,集中于800~2000 m,七叶一枝花最宽泛;西南向、硬阔植被分布最集中;七叶一枝花、球药隔重楼、华重楼在阔叶类优势树种群落分布最为集中最为明显;根际土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾在理化性质中的系数大.

Wild Paris plant resources are important medicinal plants in China.In order to master the distribution and growth status of wild Paris polyphylla germplasm resources in Yichang,promote the effective protection of wild resources and more effectively serve the planting industry of traditional Chinese medicine under the forest in Yichang,we adopted the method of combining field quadrat survey,typical survey and indoor relevant data check,and used spss22.0 software for statistical analysis.The results showed that①there were three species and four varieties of wild Paris plants mainly distributed in this area.According to the abundance index,it was ranked as follows Paris polyphylla>Paris fargesii>Paris polyphylla var.chinensis(Franch.)Hara>Paris fargesii var.petiolata(Baker ex C.H.Wright)Wang et Tang>P.delavayi Fr.var.delavayi>Paris bashanensis.②The distribution of Paris polyphylla varied significantly due to altitude,slope direction,vegetation type,soil nutrients and other factors.③In terms of different distribution patterns of Paris polyphylla,it was concentrated at 800-2000 m,Paris polyphylla were the broadest.The distribution of hard and broad-leaved vegetation in the southwest was the most concentrated.Paris polyphylla,Paris fargesii and Paris polyphylla var.chinensis(Franch.)Hara were the most concentrated and obvious in the community of broad-leaved dominant tree species.The coefficients of organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere soil were large.