从信息化到数字化:对开放大学的历史回顾与前瞻思考

From Informatization to Digitalization: Historical Review and Forward Thinking of Open Universities

作为以信息技术为支撑的新型大学,开放大学数字化转型是顺应技术和时代发展趋势的必然选择。梳理从信息化到数字化的内涵变迁和变革影响发现,数字化更加强调物理世界的在线化,对社会变革的影响也更加全面深刻。回顾历史、勾勒现状,将开放大学信息化发展分为三个阶段:广播电视教育阶段、广播电视和网络教育并行阶段、网络教育阶段,突出了与时俱进的重要性。目前,我国开放大学正逐步从网络教育阶段迈入数字化教育阶段,学校“十四五”事业发展规划亦强调人工智能、大数据等技术支持下的数字化转型,但同时面临着认识理念、数据质量、队伍机制等方面的突出问题。面对历史、现状、机遇和挑战,开放大学需要在“四化”战略上发力,推进大学在线化、课程产品化、服务最优化、治理现代化,推动整体数字化转型和高质量发展。

As a new type of university supported by information technology,the digital transformation of Open University is an inevitable choice to comply with the development trend of technology and the times.This paper combs the connotation changes and the impact of changes from informatization to digitization,and finds that digitization puts more emphasis on the onlineization of the physical world,and has a more comprehensive and profound impact on social change.Furthermore,by means of reviewing the history and outlining the current situation,and it divides the informatization development of open universities into three stages,namely,the stage of radio and television education, the parallel stage of radio and television and network education, and the stage of network education. Currently, China’s open universities are moving from the stage of network education to the stage of digital education, and the "14th five-year plan" of career development also emphasizes the digital transformation supported by artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies, meanwhile, they are encountered with prominent problems in cognitive concept, data quality, team mechanism and so on. In the face of history, status, opportunities and challenges, the open universities need to make efforts in the "four modernizations" strategy that promote the onlineization of university, the product of courses, the optimization of services, the modernization of governance, in order to facilitate the overall digital transformation and high-quality development.