玉屏县气候季节、雨季及不同量级降水日数等气候变化特征

Yuping Climate Season,Rainy Season and Precipitation Days of Different Magnitudes, Etc. Climate Change Characteristics

利用玉屏县国家站1960—2020年气温、降水资料,统计分析该县1960—2020年气候季节、不同量级降水日数、雨季、秋绵雨变化特征。结果表明:(1)玉屏县常年入春日期为3月9日、入夏日期为5月23日、入秋日期为9月22日、入冬日期为11月27日。(2)该县一年四季小雨量级日数最多,其中春季40.1%、夏季27.9%、秋季29.0%、冬季35.2%。特大暴雨及大暴雨最少,暴雨集中在5—9月,大暴雨集中在7月。(3)该县暴雨日有增加的趋势,呈现波动上升,以2.1 d/100 a的趋势增加,在1988年前暴雨日数变幅较大,1988年后变幅较小。在1960年日最大降水量达到226.2 mm,创历史极值;2007年日最大降水量达到191.9 mm,为次极值点;年最大日降水量在40.3~226.2 mm之间。该县雨季常年开始日期为4月5日,常年结束日期为9月16日。(4)该县秋绵雨常年开始时间为10月2日,常年结束时间为11月9日,平均出现秋绵雨次数为2.4次。

This paper used the temperature and precipitation data of Yuping county National Station from 1960 to 2020 to statistically analyzed the variation characteristics of Yuping’s climatic seasons,precipitation days of different magnitudes,rainy season, and autumn rain from 1960 to 2020. The results showed that:(1)Yuping entered spring on March 9, summer on May 23, autumn on September 22, and winter on November 27. Regardless of spring, summer,autumn and winter, Yuping had the most days with light rainfall, including 40.1% in spring, 27.9% in summer, 29.0% in autumn and 35.2% in winter. Extremely heavy rains and heavy rains were the least, the heavy rains were concentrated in May-September,and the heavy rains were concentrated in July.(2)The number of rainstorm days in Yuping had an increasing trend, showing a fluctuating increase, with a trend of 2.1 d/100a. In 1960, the maximum daily precipitation reached 226.2 mm, a historical extreme value.In 2007, the maximum daily precipitation reached 191.9 mm, which was the second extreme point. The annual maximum daily precipitation was between 40.3 mm(1981) and 226.2 mm(1960). The Yuping rainy season starts on April 5 and ends on September 16.(4)The annual start time of the autumn rain in Yuping was October 2, and the end time was November 9. The average number of autumn rain was 2.4 times.