茶籽饼对黄芪和三七根腐病病原菌的抑制效果

Antifungal effect of Camellia seed cake on root rot pathogens of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng

黄芪和三七根腐病害日益显著,严重制约其产量和品质。本研究旨在探讨茶籽饼水浸提液和挥发性气体,以及茶籽饼中有效抑菌成分对黄芪和三七根腐病6株优势病原菌菌丝生长的影响,探究茶籽饼中各物质成分抑制根腐病病原菌生长的能力。试验采用平板接种法对黄芪和三七根腐病6株优势病原菌进行培养,每日测量菌落直径并计算抑菌率。结果表明,2 g·L^(-1)茶籽饼水浸提液对黄芪根腐病病原菌锐顶镰刀菌(Fusarium acuminatum)、腐皮镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)的抑菌率分别为52.08%、20.89%、41.98%。5 g·L^(-1)茶籽饼水浸提液对三七根腐病病原菌腐皮镰刀菌(F.solani)、尖孢镰刀菌(F.oxysporum)、土赤壳菌(Ilyonectria sp.)的抑菌率分别为25.31%、30.51%、13.33%。50 g·L^(-1)茶籽饼挥发性气体对三七根腐病病原菌F.solani、F.oxysporum、Ilyonectria sp.的抑菌率分别为52.16%、60.16%、40.47%。茶籽饼中茶皂素和5种挥发性有机化合物对6株病原菌均有显著抑制作用,其中,1-辛烯-3-醇和2-甲基丁酸抑菌能力最强。研究结果为茶籽饼防控中药材根腐病奠定了基础。

The root rot disease of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng are increasingly serious which have restricted their yield and quality.To investigate the effect of water extract and volatile organic compounds of Camellia seed cake on root rot fungal pathogens of A.membranaceus and P.notoginseng,six dominant root rot fungal pathogens were used for testing,respectively.6 strains of dominant pathogenic fungi from Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng were cultured by plate inoculation method,and the inhibition rate was calculated by measuring the diameter of colony every day.2 g·L^(-1) water extract of Camellia seed cake showed significan tinhibition on A.membranaceus root rot pathogens Fusarium acuminatum,Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum,and inhibition rates were 52.08%,20.89%and 41.98%,respectively.5 g·L^(-1) water extract of Camellia seed cake showed significant inhibition on P.notoginseng root rot pathogens F.solani,F.oxysporum and Ilyonectria sp.,and inhibition rates were 25.31%,30.51%and 13.33%,respectively.50 g·L^(-1) volatile organic compounds of Camellia seed cake showed inhibition on P.notoginseng root rot pathogens F.solani,F.oxysporum and Ilyonectria sp.,and inhibition rates were 52.16%,60.16%and 40.47%,respectively.Tea saponin and five volatile organic compounds of Camellia seed cake showed significant inhibitory effects on the six fungal pathogens,of which 1-octen-3-ol and 2-methylbutyric acid showed the strongest fungistatic ability.This study layed a solid foundation for the effective prevention and control of Chinese herbs root rot disease by Camellia seed cake.