一种高可靠的工业级星载计算机及其引导设计

A High-Reliable On-Board Computer Base on Industry and Design for Boot Loading System

传统星载计算机通常采用价格昂贵的高质量等级CPU和存储器芯片,用于保证系统的可靠性;因制造成本和研制周期等方面的限制,商业卫星计算机更倾向于采用商业现货器件(COTS),但其可靠性和安全性会随之降低;采用工业级SmartFusion2处理器芯片,提出一种低成本的星载计算机最小系统架构,并通过工业级存储器异构备份的方式,显著提高系统可靠性;在星载计算机软件设计中,应用软件会采用三模冗余的方式提高可靠性,但引导软件往往只有单份;为了避免引导软件的单节点故障效应,针对SmartFusio2星载计算机架构,提出一种基于多TMR副本的片外启动方法,此启动方法可进一步提高工业级星载计算机的可靠性和安全性,并成功用于多个型号商业卫星。

CPU and memory chips with expensive high quality grade is usually used for traditional on-board computer,so the higher reliability of the system is obtained.Due to the limitations of manufacturing cost and production cycle,the on-board computers of commercial satellites are prone to apply more and more commercial-off-the-shelf(COTS)components.Of course,the COTS components decrease the system reliability and security.By making use of the industrial-grade processor chip named SmartFusion2,a minimum system structure of low-cost on-board computer is proposed,which can extremely improve system reliability by the heterogeneous redundancy for the industrial-grade memory chips.For the software design of the on-board computer,although the triple module redundancy is applied by the application software to obtain higher reliability and better security,the boot-loading software is single.In order to avoid the single point of failure in the boot-loading software,a off-chip boot-loading method is based on multi-TMR copies for the on-board computer using SmartFusion2 processor,which improves the reliability and security for the on-board computer with industrial-grade.In addition,the boot-loading method has been successfully applied in the multiple commercial satellites.