分子影像学与纤维化(五):肠纤维化显像之二

Molecular imaging and fibrosis(Ⅴ): non-invasive imaging in detection of intestinal fibrosis(part Ⅱ)

炎症性肠病(IBD)通常伴有慢性炎症,包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎,肠纤维化是其常见的并发症。近年来,随着与IBD和纤维化相关的各种研究逐步推进,肠道纤维化的发病机制、诊断和疾病管理取得了一定进展。其中,有研究着重于与纤维化过程、遗传和环境风险因素(如微生物群)相关的炎症非依赖性机制,也有通过生成新的体外和体内系统来研究纤维化。当前用于诊断纤维化IBD的成像技术包括断面成像,例如计算机断层扫描小肠造影(CTE)、磁共振小肠造影(MRE)、正电子发射断层扫描(PET)、单光子发射计算机断层扫描(SPECT)等。多种模式也显示出诊断纤维化过程的可能性,并在与分子显像剂结合使用时提供功能和形态信息。本文介绍了PET和SPECT等分子成像技术在肠纤维化领域的应用。

Intestinal fibrosis is a common consequence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.Research on inflammation-independent mechanisms connected to the fibrotic process,genetic and environmental risk factors such as microbiome as well as the generation of new in vitro and in vivo systems to study fibrogenesis have advanced the diagnosis and management of intestinal fibrosis.Current imaging techniques including computed tomography enterography(CTE),magnetic resonance enterography(MRE),single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)and positron emission tomography(PET)demonstrate morphologically fibrotic IBD.We review the potential of SPECT and PET molecular imaging to provide functional information of intestinal fibrosis.