2020年上海市长宁区44家公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况分析

Health Analysis of Air Conditioning and Ventilation System of 44 Public Places in Changning,Shanghai,2020

目的了解上海市长宁区公共卫生场所集中空调通风系统的卫生状况,提出相应的改进措施,并为相关部门开展卫生监督和管理提供参考。方法依据(DB31/T 405—2012)《上海市集中空调通风系统卫生管理规范》和(GB/T 18204.1—2013)《公共场所卫生检验方法第1部分:物理因素》规定的方法和步骤,对上海市长宁区44家公共场所集中空调通风系统的卫生状况进行监测和评估。监测指标包括:送风中的PM_(10)浓度,风管内表面的细菌总数、真菌总数和积尘量,以及冷凝水或冷却水中的嗜肺军团菌。结果共检测44家公共场所的集中空调通风系统,其中36家(81.8%)的送检样品全部合格。39家(88.6%)公共场所设有新风装置。共采集样品872份,所检指标合格率98.6%(除风管内表面积尘量合格率为94.5%,其他指标的合格率均为100%)。办公场所与文娱场所集中空调通风系统的风管内表面积尘量合格率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.938,P=0.164)。结论上海市长宁区公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况尚可,个别指标还有待提高。加强公共场所集中空调通风系统的清洁和消毒,相关部门应加大监管力度。

Objective To understand the sanitary conditions of centralized air conditioning ventilation systems in public health places in Changning District,Shanghai,propose corresponding improvement measures,and provide references for relevant departments to carry out sanitary supervision and management.Methods According to the methods and procedures of Shanghai Municipal Standards for sanitary Management of Centralized Air Conditioning Ventilation Systems(DB 31/T 405—2012)and Public Places sanitary Inspection Methods Part 1:Physical Factors(GB/T 18204.1—2013),the sanitary conditions of centralized air-conditioning ventilation systems in 44 public places in Changning District,Shanghai were monitored and evaluated.The monitoring indicators include:PM_(10) concentration in the supplied air,the total number of bacteria,the total number of fungi and the amount of dust on the inner surface of the air duct,and the Legionella pneumophila in the condensed water or cooling water.Results A total of 44 centralized air conditioning ventilation systems in public places were tested,of which 36(81.8%)samples were all qualified.39(88.6%)public places have fresh air installations.A total of 872 samples were collected,and the qualified rate of the tested indicators was 98.6%(except for the qualified rate of the amount of dust on the inner surface of the air duct is 94.5%,the qualified rate of other indicators is 100%).There was no statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of dust on the inner surface of the air duct of centralized air conditioning ventilation system between office places and recreational places(χ^(2)=1.938,P=0.164).Conclusion The sanitary condition of centralized air conditioning ventilation system in public places in Changning District of Shanghai is acceptable,but some indicators needs to be improved.The cleaning and disinfection of centralized air conditioning ventilation systems should be strengthened in public places,and relevant departments should also strengthen supervision.