单原子材料类酶催化及生物医学应用研究进展

Recent Advances in Single-atom Materials for Enzyme-like Catalysis and Biomedical Applications

纳米酶因其经济、稳定、性质可调和可循环利用等诸多优势,成功地克服了天然酶在实际应用中的不足.单原子材料的出现使得对纳米酶的研究迈入原子水平,其较高的原子利用率、独特的配位环境和较强的金属-载体相互作用为揭示纳米酶构效关系及调控类酶活性提供了可能.本文总结了近年来单原子材料类酶催化的研究进展,重点讨论了单原子材料类酶活性的调控策略和催化机理,概述了单原子类酶材料在癌症治疗、抗氧化治疗、抗菌以及生物传感等方面的应用,并对单原子类酶材料的发展前景进行了展望.

Nanozymes featuring with economic cost,high stability,tunable properties,have captured broad interest to break through the limitations of enzymes in practice. The emergency of single-atom materials pushes forward the nanozymes research into the atomic level. Single-atom materials with high atomic utilization efficiency,unique coordination environments and strong metal-support interactions offer great opportunities to reveal their structure-activity relationship and regulate their enzyme-like activities. In this review,recent advances of single-atom materials for enzyme mimicking and biomedical applications were depicted. First,the regulation strategies and catalytic mechanisms of enzyme-like activities were discussed in detail. Then,the applications of single-atom nanomaterials for enzyme mimicking were elucidated in terms of cancer treatment,antioxidant therapy,antibacterial and biosensing. Finally,the limitations,challenges and development prospects of single-atom nanomaterials for enzymelike catalysis were proposed.