高原地区肿瘤患者中心静脉血管通路皮肤损伤现状及影响因素研究

Skin injury status and influencing factors of central vein vascular access in tumor patients in plateau area

目的调查高原地区肿瘤患者中心静脉血管通路相关皮肤损伤现状,探讨影响因素,并提出相应对策。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年12月至2020年12月青海省某三级甲等医院中心静脉置管患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表及中心静脉导管使用情况调查问卷进行调查。结果171例患者中心静脉血管通路相关皮肤损伤发生30例,占17.54%,其中接触性皮炎14例,占46.67%。年龄、文化程度对中心静脉血管通路相关皮肤损伤发生有显著影响(P<0.05)。结论高原地区肿瘤患者中心静脉血管通路相关皮肤损伤发生率较低,但医护人员应重点关注置入中心静脉血管通路患者的年龄、文化程度及置管处皮肤状况,加强风险评估,进行早期预防以降低高原地区肿瘤患者中心静脉血管通路相关皮肤损伤发生率,提高患者生存质量。

Objective To investigate the status of central vein vascular access associated with skin injury(CASI)in tumor patients in plateau area,and analyze the influencing factors to provide reference for predictive nursing intervention.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,patients with central venous catheterization were selected as the research objects and investigated by General information questionnaire and questionnaire on the use of central venous catheter,who were from a 3A-level hospital in Qinghai Province from December 2019 to December 2020.Results The incidence of CASI was 17.54%(30 cases),including 14 cases of contact dermatitis(46.67%).Age and education level had significant influence on the occurrence of CASI(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of CASI in tumor patients is at a low level in plateau area.Medical staff should strengthen the risk assessment through focusing on patients'age,culture level and the skin status at the catheter,so as to reduce the incidence of CASI in plateau area,and improve the quality of survival.