NAD+/SIRT2途径调节衰老卵母细胞成熟质量的分子机制

Molecular Mechanism of NAD+/SIRT2 Pathway Regulating Mature Quality of Aged Oocytes

卵母细胞成熟质量不仅是哺乳动物繁殖能力的基础,更能直接决定后代的优劣。卵巢早衰通常引起卵子数量和质量下降,如何提高其成熟质量成为生殖衰老领域的研究热点。近年来,烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD+)依赖性去乙酰化酶家族Sirtuins(SIRT1-7)在生殖衰老中的功能愈发受到关注,尤其抗衰老因子SIRT2的乙酰化底物直接与卵母细胞成熟事件相关。本文从乙酰化修饰调控卵母细胞衰老与成熟的全新视角,重点综述了NAD+/SIRT2通过减数分裂、能量代谢、线粒体氧化应激、线粒体质量控制等重要生理环节改善衰老卵母细胞成熟质量的最新研究进展,以期为提高老龄母畜的卵母细胞质量及延长繁殖利用年限提供新思路。

The maturation quality of oocytes not only is the basis of mammalian reproductive capacity,but also directly determines the quality of offspring.Premature ovarian failure usually causes a decline in the number and quality of oocytes,and how to improve its maturation quality has become a frontier topic in the field of reproductive aging.In recent years,the functions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)dependent deacetylase family Sirtuins(SIRT1-7)in reproductive aging have attracted increasing attention.Particularly,the acetylated substrates of the anti-aging factor SIRT2 are directly related to oocyte maturation events.This review focused on the recent research progress of NAD+/SIRT2 in improving the quality of aging oocytes through important physiological processes such as meiosis,energy metabolism,mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial quality control from a new perspective of acetylation regulating the aging and maturation of oocytes.It is expected to provide new ideas for improving the oocyte quality and prolonging the reproduction period in aged female livestock.