深水浅层钻井作业风险及应对措施

Risks and Response of Deepwater Wells Shallow Drilling Operation

深水浅层钻井作业主要是指下入隔水管和防喷器组之前,海水开路钻进的一开、二开两个井段,由于深水海域存在土质结构松软、海床不稳定、浅部断层发育较多等特点,钻井作业前需要结合井场调查调查资料对浅层作业风险进行逐一甄别,并及时制定预防和应对措施。文章针对南中国海深水海域常见的古河道/古水道、浅部断层、天然气水合物、浅层气等地质灾害风险,结合已钻深水井的作业经验,对浅层风险进行分类阐述,并制定相应的预防和应对措施。

Deepwater shallow drilling operations mainly refer to the conductor and surface casing sections drilled by seawater,before entering the riser and the BOPs.Due to the characteristics of mudline,such as soft soil structure,unstable seabed,and more shallow fault development in deepwater sea areas,it is necessary to combine the survey and investigation data of the well site to screen the risks of shallow operations before drilling operations,and formulate prevention and response measures.In the deep waters of the South China Sea,the geological disaster risks such as ancient rivers/ancient waterways,shallow faults,natural gas hydrates,shallow gases are very common.Based on the operation experience of drilled deepwater wells,the article describe the shallow risks,and formulate the prevention and response measures.