石灰、生物炭对酸性土壤改良及玉米生长的影响

Effects of Lime and Biochar on Acid Soil Improvement and Maize Growth

选取石灰(L)、生物炭(B)组配在云南省德宏州梁河县丙赛河流域进行了田间试验。研究了石灰、生物炭的添加对酸性土壤理化性质的改良,以及对当地2个低累积品种玉米吸收Cd、Pb和生长产量的影响。研究发现,添加石灰、生物炭能显著提高土壤pH值和有机质含量,L_(1)B_(2)处理下有机质含量提升更为明显;添加石灰、生物炭对土壤速效磷、速效钾含量有一定提高,对土壤酶活性有促进作用;添加石灰、生物炭显著降低了土壤有效态Cd、Pb含量,显著降低了康玉3号玉米籽粒的Cd含量和康玉78号籽粒的Pb含量;添加石灰、生物炭能增加玉米株高、叶面积,对玉米产量有显著提高,康玉3号、雅玉78号在L_(1)B_(2)处理下产量提高最为明显,分别提高了39.31%、18.13%。结果表明,石灰、生物炭组配康玉3号、雅玉78号种植对当地酸化土壤有较好的修复效果,L_(1)B_(1)处理下玉米产量更高,康玉3号产量最高。

In this experiment,lime(L)and biochar(B)were selected for field experiment in Bingsai River Basin,Lianghe County,Dehong Prefecture,Yunnan Province.The effects of lime and biochar addition on the improvement of acidic soil physical and chemical properties,as well as the absorption of Cd,Pb and growth yield of two local low-accumulation varieties of maize were studied.It was found that the addition of lime and biochar could significantly increase soil pH and organic matter,and the increase of organic matter was more obvious under L_(1)B_(2)treatment.Adding lime and biochar increased soil available phosphorus and potassium,and promoted soil enzyme activity.The addition of lime and biochar significantly reduced soil available Cd and Pb,and significantly reduced the Cd content of corn kernel Kangyu 3 and Pb content of corn kernel Kangyu 78.Adding lime and biochar could increase maize plant height and leaf area,and increase maize yield significantly.The yield of Kangyu 3 and Yayu 78 increased most obviously under L_(1)B_(2)treatment,which increased by 39.31%and 18.13%,respectively.The results showed that lime and biochar combined with Kangyu 3 and Yayu 78 had good remediation effect on local acidified soil.The yield of corn was higher under L_(1)B_(1)treatment,and the yield of Kangyu 3 was the highest.