23种观赏草在南京地区的适应性分析

Study on Adaptability of Twenty-three Ornamental Grasses in Nanjing

将物候期、生长情况、越冬性、越夏性及抗病虫害能力等作为观测指标,系统研究了23种观赏草在南京地区的适应性表现。结果表明:在狼尾草属、芒属、糖蜜草属和黍属等19种暖季型观赏草中,矮蒲苇四季常青,其他观赏草的枯黄时间多集中在11月末或12月初,次年3月底返青。除白美人狼尾草分别在6月和10月开2次花外,其余草种只开花1次,其中矮蒲苇花期较长,持续近5个月,其他植物花期大多是2个月且集中在7~11月。蓝羊茅、细茎针茅、金叶苔草和蓝冰麦这4种冷季型观赏草中,细茎针茅和蓝羊茅夏季休眠,金叶苔草保持常绿。此次南京地区引种的23种观赏草,除蓝羊茅越夏性较差,死亡率较高外,其余草种在南京地区生长良好。

The phenophase,growth characters,over-winter ability,over-summer ability,the ability of disease resistance and pest resistance were taken as observation index,and the adaptability of the twenty-three ornamental grasses in Nanjing was systematically studied.The results showed that among the nineteen warm-season ornamental grasses of Pennisetum,Miscanthus,Melinis,Panicum and other genera,Cortaderia selloana‘Pumila’was evergreen,while the other ornamental grasses were withered and yellow from the end of November or early December to the end of March next year.Except the Pennisetum villosum‘Longistylum’blooms in June and October respectively,the rest of ornamental grasses only bloom once.Among them,the flowering period of Cortaderia selloana‘Pumila’is longer and lasts for nearly 5 months,while the other plants is mostly two months and concentrated from July to November.Stipa tenuissima and Festuca glauca‘Freddy’hibernated in summer.Carex oshimensis‘Evergold’was evergreen among four cool-season ornamental grasses,Festuca glauca‘Freddy’,Stipa tenuissima,Carex oshimensis‘Evergold’and Leymus arenarius‘Blue Dune’.Except for the high mortality of Festuca glauca‘Freddy’in summer,the other 22 ornamental grasses could adapt to the climate and environment in Nanjing.