农业劳动力老龄化、农地确权与农地转入

Aging of Agricultural Labor Force,Confirmation of Farmland Ownership and Transfer of Farmland

农村劳动力非农转移虽加剧了农业劳动力老龄化趋势,但为农地优化配置创造了条件。利用2016年中国劳动力动态调查数据(CLDS)中29个省份的3499个样本调查数据,通过建立Probit模型实证分析了农业劳动力老龄化与农地确权对农地转入的影响,结果表明:一是农业劳动力老龄化对农地转入具有显著的负向影响,即农户家庭农业劳动力老龄化程度越高,其转入农地的可能性越低;二是农地确权对农地转入的影响显著为正,相较于未确权的农户,已确权的农户转入农地的可能性更高;三是农地确权有助于缓解农业劳动力老龄化对农地转入的不利影响。为促进农地流转,加快实现农业适度规模经营,应进一步完善农地确权政策,提高农地产权强度,增强农地产权排他性能力,进而为农地资源优化配置创造条件。

The non-agricultural transfer of rural labor not only intensified the aging trend of agricultural labor,but also created conditions for the optimal allocation of agricultural land.Based on the 2016 China Labor Force Dynamics Survey Data(CLDS),3499 samples survey data of 29 provinces,a Probit model was established to empirically analyze the impact of the aging of agricultural labor force and the confirmation of agricultural land rights on the transfer of agricultural land.The research results show that:First,the aging of agricultural labor force has a significant negative impact on the transfer of agricultural land,that is,the higher the aging degree of the agricultural labor force of the households,the lower the possibility of transferring to agricultural land.Second,the impact of farmland confirmation on the transfer of farmland is significantly positive.Compared with farmers with unconfirmed rights,farmers with confirmed rights are more likely to transfer to farmland.Third,the confirmation of agricultural land rights can help alleviate the adverse effects of the aging of agricultural labor force on the transfer of agricultural land.In order to promote the circulation of agricultural land and speed up the realization of moderate scale agricultural operations,it is necessary to further improve the agricultural land ownership policy,increase the intensity of agricultural land property rights,and enhance the exclusivity of agricultural land property rights,so as to create conditions for the optimal allocation of agricultural land resources.