干旱灾害风险管理的战略思考

Strategic Study on Drought Disaster Risk Management

干旱灾害是全球面临最主要的自然灾害之一,在气候变化和人类活动影响加剧的背景下,旱灾及其风险也在不断演变,干旱灾害防灾减灾工作面临着许多难点。该文首先界定了干旱的基本概念,讨论了干旱与水资源短缺的关系,其次从政策制度、干旱规划、采取行动、灾后恢复等角度分别分析了干旱灾害管理实践中面临的问题和挑战,最后提出了战略性干旱灾害风险管理框架,从旱前、旱中、旱后三个时期分析了风险管理的内涵,提出了干旱灾害风险管理的实施路径,为有效提高水资源风险防控能力奠定了基础。

Drought is one of the most important natural disasters in the world.Due to climate change and human activities,drought and its risks are also evolving.Drought disaster prevention and reduction are facing many difficulties.Firstly,the basic concept of drought is defined,and the relationship between drought and water shortage is discussed.Secondly,the problems and challenges of drought management are analyzed from the perspectives of policy system,drought planning,action and disaster recovery.Finally,the strategic drought disaster risk management framework is put forward.The components of drought risk management are analyzed during the three periods of pre-drought,drought and post-drought.The implementation path of drought disaster risk management is put forward,which lays a foundation for effectively improving the ability of water resources risk prevention.