不同形态鹿茸游离氨基酸的含量测定及质量评价应用研究

Quality assessment of different forms of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum based on content of free amino acids

该研究以15个产地养殖的32批不同形态梅花鹿鹿茸(毛桃茸、二杠茸、三岔茸)为研究对象,对其25种游离氨基酸的组成和含量进行多样性分析,并利用聚类分析和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析进行归类,VIP选择潜在的差异代谢物。结果表明,鹿茸中含有25种游离氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸平均质量分数分别为6.13、32.99、39.12 mg·g^(-1)。基于25种游离氨基酸成分的聚类分析和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析结果,显示3种形态梅花鹿鹿茸具有较大差异,二杠茸被单独聚成一类,并筛选了5个主要差异性成分谷氨酸、色氨酸、鸟氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和羟赖氨酸作为不同形态鹿茸鉴别的潜在质量标志物。研究结果为不同形态鹿茸质量评价与加工利用提供了良好的理论基础。

In this study, we analyzed the composition and content of 25 free amino acids in 32 batches of different forms of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum(CCP;one-branched, two-branched, and three-branched) from 15 producing areas. The clustering analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were performed based on the content of 25 free amino acids. Potential differential metabolites were identified based on VIP value. The results showed that there were 25 free amino acids in CCP, and the average content of essential, non-essential, and total amino acids was 6.13, 32.99, and 39.12 mg·g^(-1), respectively. The clustering analysis and OPLS-DA demonstrated that 25 free amino acids had different content among the three forms of CCP, of which two-branched CCP samples were separately gathered into a group. Five differential components, including glutamic acid, tryptophan, ornithine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and hydroxylysine, were screened out as potential quality markers for the identification of different forms of CCP. This study provides a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation, processing, and utilization of different forms of CCP.