日本、卡塔尔足球运动员归化的发展历程、运作逻辑和经验启示

The Development Process,Operation Logic and Experience of Japanese and Qatari Football Players’ Naturalization

在竞技体育全球化的背景下,通过运动员归化提升足球竞技实力已经成为众多国家的发展思路。为了中国足球能科学合理的开展运动员归化工作,本文运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法对日本、卡塔尔的足球运动员归化逻辑进行深入分析,结果表明:归化历程中,日本足球经历了初步探索、快速发展、归化倾向转变的三个阶段;卡塔尔足球经历了金元归化、“阿斯拜尔足球梦”计划实施的两个阶段。归化运作中,两国通过构建多元主体支持路径加速了归化进程;促进青训与归化的协调发展;明确归化对象的来源范围;积极引导归化球员融入集体;达到了足球运动员归化效用最大化。启示:我国应建立多方联动的运作机制推进归化工作开展;以归化工作为契机,强化青训体系建设;同时征召特定类型的归化球员;注重运动员文化认同感的培养。

In the context of the globalization of competitive sports, it has become the development idea of many countries to enhance football competitive strength through the naturalization of athletes.In order to scientifically and rationally carry out the naturalization of Chinese football players, the literature and logical analysis methods are used to conduct an in-depth analysis of the naturalization logic of Japanese and Qatari football players.The results show that Japanese football has experienced three stages of preliminary exploration, rapid development, and transformation of naturalization tendency;Qatar football has experienced two stages of “Gold dollar” naturalization and the implementation of the “Asbaer Football Dream” plan.In the naturalization operation, the two countries accelerated the naturalization process by constructing a multi-subject support path;promoted the coordinated development of youth training and naturalization;clarified the source range of naturalization targets;actively guided the integration of naturalized players into the teams.Suggestions: China should establish a multi-party linkage operation mechanism to promote the development of naturalization work;use the naturalization as an opportunity to strengthen the construction of the youth training system;at the same time recruit specific types of naturalized players;pay attention to the cultivation of athletes’ cultural identity.