政策工具视角下我国冰雪运动实施计划内容研究

Research on the implementation plan of Ice and snow Sports in China from the Perspective of Policy Tools

“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”是我国目前冰雪运动发展的主要目标,在这一目标的指引下,我国出台了《“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”实施纲要(2018-2022年)》。为深入了解《纲要》的政策目标,本研究从政策工具理论的视角,综合运用文献资料法、内容分析法、数理统计法、规范分析法等研究方法对《纲要》的政策具体内容进行了分析。通过对《纲要》的具体条款进行编码、分类、统计分析发现,《纲要》内容综合运用了自愿性政策工具、混合性政策工具和强制性政策工具,但各类政策工具运用的比例有较大的区别。其中,强制性政策工具运用最为频繁,占整个政策工具运用的54%;混合性政策工具的运用相对处于弱势地位,占比为37%;自愿性政策工具基本处于“缺位”状态,占比仅为9%。通过结合政策工具理论对以上政策工具的使用现状进行系统化、理论化的分析,本文提出了基于政策工具理论的政策工具运用及优化建议,以期为未来进一步发展冰雪运动、制定相关政策提供一定的借鉴和参考。

“Encouraging 300 million people to participate in ice and snow sports” is the main goal of the development of ice and snow sports in China.Under the guidance of this goal, China has issued the “Outline of Encouraging 300 million People to participate in ice and snow Sports(2018-2022)”.In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the policy objectives of the Outline, based on the perspective of policy tool theory, this study comprehensively uses literature method, content analysis method, mathematical statistics method, normative analysis method and other research methods to analyze the specific policy contents of the Outline.Through the coding, classification and statistical analysis of the specific provisions of the Outline, it is found that voluntary policy tools, mixed policy tools and mandatory policy tools are used comprehensively in the Outline, but there are great differences in the proportion of various policy tools used.Among them, the mandatory policy tools were used most frequently, accounting for 54% of the total policy tools.The use of mixed policy tools was relatively weak, accounting for 37%;Voluntary policy tools were largely “absent”, accounting for only 9%.Based on the policy tool theory, this paper systematically and theoretically analyzes the status quo of the above policy tools, and puts forward some suggestions on the application and optimization of policy tools based on the policy tool theory, so as to provide some reference for the re-formulation and optimization of policies related to ice and snow sports in the future.