中成药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床研究及评价

Clinical trials and evaluation of Chinese patent medicine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

对中成药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的临床随机对照试验进行系统的收集和分析,以期为临床决策及相关研究提供基础信息。基于中医药循证研究证据库系统(EVDS)旗下中成药临床证据数据库的收录,并补充检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(Wanfang)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase数据库,检索建库至2019年12月31日,纳入中成药治疗COPD的RCTs作为临床证据来源,对研究的发表时间、样本量、干预及对照措施、疗程、结局指标、方法学质量等内容进行分析和评价。纳入中成药治疗COPD的RCTs 733篇,其中样本量大于100例的228篇,占31.10%;涉及中成药88种,其中口服中成药40种,注射液48种;纳入研究的干预及对照措施(中成药+常规治疗)vs(常规治疗)RCTs研究应用最多为327篇,占43.8%;94.40%的研究报告了治疗的疗程,53.21%的研究以8~14 d为干预疗程;评价指标应用庞杂,其中理化检测指标(70.57%)和症状/体征指标(24.35%)应用最多;分配隐藏、盲法的使用存在不准确问题;注册、伦理等环节常见缺失。中成药治疗COPD的临床研究实施存在的方法学问题突出,影响研究的可靠性和实用性,需要进一步规范中成药治疗COPD的临床研究设计、实施和质量控制,突出中成药治疗COPD的临床价值,提高证据质量。

The clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) were reviewed and analyzed to provide references for clinical research, guideline development, policy formulation, and quality improvement of clinical evidence. On the basis of the collection in the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Clinical Evidence Database System(EVDS), CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase were searched for RCTs of Chinese patent medicine for COPD as a source of clinical evidence from database inception to December 31, 2019. The publication time, sample size, intervention and control measures, course of treatment, outcome indicators, and methodological quality of the trials were analyzed and evaluated. A total of 733 RCTs of Chinese patent medicine for COPD were included, among which 228 RCTs had a sample size higher than 100, accounting for 31.1% of total RCTs. Eighty-eight Chinese patent medicines were involved, including 40 oral medicines and 48 injections. A total of 327 RCTs mentioned intervention and control measures(Chinese patent medicine + conventional treatment vs conventional treatment), accounting for 43.0%. In addition, 94.40% of the RCTs reported the course of treatment, and 53.20% of the RCTs determined 8-14 d as the intervention course. The evaluation indicators adopted were numerous, among which physicochemical indicators(70.57%) and symptoms/signs(24.35%) were the most frequently employed. The operation of allocation concealment and blinding was not standard. Registration and the procedure related to ethics were mostly missing. The results indicate that there are prominent methodological problems in the clinical trials of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of COPD, affecting the reliability and practicability of the trials. It is necessary to further standardize the design, implementation, and quality control of clinical trials of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of COPD, highlight the clinical value of Chinese patent medicine for COPD, and improve the quality of evidence.