拉考沙胺治疗新疆维吾尔族、汉族癫痫患儿的临床疗效和安全性评价

Clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of lacosamide in the treatment of Uygur and Han children with epilepsy in Xinjiang

目的:评价拉考沙胺(lacosamide, LCM)治疗新疆维、汉癫痫患儿的临床疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性收集就诊于新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院和自治区儿童医院并服用LCM抗癫痫治疗的216例癫痫患儿资料,根据族别将患儿分为维吾尔族患儿组(n=140)和汉族患儿组(n=76),评估2组患儿在LCM治疗3个月后的临床疗效和不良反应。同时对影响疗效的相关因素进行χ^(2)和t检验。结果:维、汉癫痫患儿的LCM治疗有效率分别为76%和65%。无效组维、汉患儿的异常脑电图比例显著均高于有效组(χ^(2)=8.866,P<0.05;χ^(2)=8.882,P<0.05)。无效组维、汉患儿的LCM单药使用率显著均低于有效组(χ^(2)=15.273,P<0.05;χ^(2)=8.721,P<0.05)。合并使用抗癫痫药物的数量越少,LCM添加越早,患儿癫痫治疗有效的可能性越高。维、汉癫痫患儿的LCM不良反应发生率分别为39%和24%。最常见的不良反应为嗜睡、头晕、乏力和恶心呕吐。结论:LCM单药或添加治疗新疆维、汉癫痫患儿均具有较好的临床疗效和安全性。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of lacosamide(LCM) in the treatment of epilepsy in Xinjiang Uygur and Han children.METHODS A total of 216 children with epilepsy who was treated in People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and was treated with LCM were retrospectively studied. The children were divided into Uyghur children group(n=140) and Han children group(n=76) according to their ethnicity. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were evaluated after 3 months of LCM treatment. The chi-square test(χ^(2)) and t test were used to analyze the related factors.RESULTS The effective rates of LCM treatment in Uighur and Han epilepsy children were 76% and 65%,respectively. The proportion of abnormal EEG of Uyghur and Han children in the ineffective group was significantly higher than that in the effective group(χ^(2)=8.866,P<0.05;χ^(2)=8.882,P<0.05). The proportion of LCM monotherapy in Uyghur and Han children in the ineffective group was significantly lower than that in the effective group(χ^(2)=15.273,P<0.05;χ^(2)=8.721,P<0.05). The fewer the number of concomitant antiepileptic drugs and the earlier the LCM was added, the higher the probability that the epilepsy treatment would be effective in children. The incidence of LCM adverse reactions in Uygur and Han children with epilepsy was 39% and 24%,respectively. The most common adverse reactions are drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue and nausea and vomiting.CONCLUSION LCM has good clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of Xinjiang Uyghur and Han epilepsy children as monotherapy or as an additive.