功能区位联系下中国有机畜牧业企业空间格局及其影响因素

The Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of China's Organic Livestock Enterprises under the Link of Functional Location

基于中国744家有机畜牧业企业基本数据,对其服务功能和生产功能区位进行分析,并采用Pearson相关性分析和多元回归分析方法对功能区位影响因素进行研究。结果表明:1)有机畜牧业企业服务功能区位和生产功能区位具有较强的共聚现象;2)有机畜牧业企业生产功能区位和服务功能区位受饲料产量、环境质量、政策效益等多种影响因子的综合作用,其中自然资源和传统畜牧产业发展水平对其影响较大;3)服务功能区位和生产功能区位空间集聚程度较高,导致有机畜牧业企业影响因素具有相对一致性,但囿于有机畜牧业企业功能部门自身的区位偏好差异,同一影响因子对于其服务功能和生产功能区位的作用程度具有一定的异同性。最后,提出2点建议:1)通过提升与强化地区综合性环境条件因子与环境承载力,增强不同层面空间单元的要素优势,引导有机畜牧业企业根据不同功能部门需求向其功能区位优势聚集区布局;2)地方政府应加大政策扶持力度,引导新生有机畜牧业企业在资源环境条件优越地区集聚,并鼓励和引导传统企业根据实际情况向有机农业生产方式转换。

Since the 18th and 19th National Congress,China has put forward ecological civilization construction and rural resolution,requiring the transformation of traditional agricultural production models to a high quality,sustainable,green ecological production model.As an eco-environmental,sustainable,and high value-added agricultural production model,organic agriculture is in-line with the future development direction of China's rural areas and policy guidelines and is also a useful alternative model to traditional agriculture.In order to promote the development of the organic livestock industry in China,this study analyzed the service function and production function basic data of 744 organic livestock enterprises and explored the factors of functional location using Pearson's correlation analysis and multi-regression analysis methods.There is substantial research available related to the functional location of the organic livestock industry that can provide a certain reference value for the location analysis of different industries.The multi-scale analysis of different functional locations can provide reference and policy recommendations for the functional location layout of organic livestock enterprises in China.The results of this study showed the spatial agglomeration characteristics of organized livestock enterprise service and production function locations,such as central and eastern Inner Mongolia,northwestern Xinjiang,northeast Sichuan,and southern Anhui.There is a strong cohesion phenomenon among the organic livestock enterprise service and production function locations in China.However,this is limited to the development characteristics and affected zone,as different functional structures of some organic livestock enterprises have not occurred in the production expansion process.The production and service function locations of organic livestock enterprises are affected by multiple influencing factors,such as feed output,environmental quality,and policy benefits,of which natural resources and the development level of the traditional livestock industry have the greatest impact.It is also important to note that the location layout of organic livestock enterprises has deeper contacts with feed resources and environmental quality at the macro level.The influencing factors of organic livestock enterprise service and production function locations are consistent,but the same influencing factor has certain differences in the extent of their service and production function locations.According to the demand,organic livestock enterprises should guide different functional departments to lay out the functional location gathering area and balance the needs of the service and production function sectors in the initial development phase,select resource endowment,rich in knowledge and technology,convenient transportation,cheap land prices,and low labor costeffective suburban areas.Local governments should increase policy support and guide deployment in areas with rich natural resources and developed traditional livestock industries.Moreover,according to actual conditions,they should guide enterprises to convert production from traditional to organic in the traditional livestock production industry.