低压交变电场协同冰温对带鱼船上保鲜品质的影响

Effects of Low-voltage Alternating Electric Field Combined with Ice Temperature on the Fresh-keeping Quality of Hairtail on Board

以带鱼(Trichiurus haumela)为研究对象,研究分析低压交变电场对带鱼冰温保鲜的影响。设置低压交变电场强度为2500、3500 V/m,对贮藏期带鱼pH值、挥发性盐基氮含量、菌落总数、硫代巴比妥酸值、三甲胺和苏木精-伊红染色结果进行研究分析。结果表明,无电场组在第15天时挥发性盐基氮含量已超过合格品阈值,鱼体腐败严重,有浓郁腥臭味。经过低压交变电场处理后能够显著提高带鱼保鲜效果,延长带鱼货架期7 d以上,抑制贮藏过程中挥发性盐基氮的生成速度,且电场强度越大抑制效果越明显,同时减缓贮藏后期pH值的变化,整个贮藏期菌落总数、三甲胺等指标均优于无电场组。低压交变电场能有效减缓微生物生长,降低对鱼体蛋白质的氧化分解。该研究可以进一步优化电场保鲜过程,为后续一种新型船上运输保鲜装置以及带鱼冰温储藏中技术研发提供一定理论依据。

With Trichiurus haumela as the research object,the study investigated the effect of low-voltage alternating electric field on the ice temperature preservation of hairtail.The pH value,total volatile base nitrogen(TVB-N)content,total bacterial count,thiobarbituric acid(TBA)value,trimethylamine content and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining results during storage were studied using low-voltage alternating electric field equipment(2500 and 3500 V/m).The results showed that the TVB-N content in the non-electric field group had exceeded the threshold value of qualified products on the 15th day,and the fish body was seriously rotten with a strong fishy smell.After treatment with low-voltage alternating electric field,the preservation effect of hairtail was improved evidently and the shelf life was prolonged for more than 7 d.Moreover,the production of TVB-N during storage was decreased with a slow rising rate,and a larger electric field showed more obvious inhibition effects.Compared with the non-electric field group,the electric field group demonstrated slower changes of pH in the late storage period,improved indicators of the total bacterial count and trimethylamine in the whole storage period and higher freshness,indicating that low-voltage alternating electric field can effectively slow down microbial growth and reduce the oxidative decomposition of fish protein.The study can further optimize the process of electric field preservation and provide a theoretical basis for a new type of ship transportation preservation device and technology development in hairtail ice temperature storage.