免疫菌的抗病毒作用与抗新型冠状病毒肺炎应用潜力

Antiviral effect and anti-COVID-19 potential of immunobiotics

免疫菌是一种可以通过调节免疫功能发挥抗感染作用的促进健康的有益菌,其可能发展为普通食品、功能性食品、佐剂或药品(生物制剂)。免疫菌的免疫调节功能具有菌株特异性,其可通过口服、鼻黏膜、舌下等途径,刺激机体黏膜免疫系统,调节固有免疫或获得性免疫,发挥非特异性的抗微生物(细菌和病毒)感染的作用。经口给予植物乳杆菌冠克菌株,可刺激接种疫苗6个月的小鼠升高和维持抗新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)特异中和抗体水平。接种疫苗后,立即给予植物乳杆菌冠克株,小鼠肺泡灌洗液中抗SARS-CoV-2特异性中和抗体的水平比对照组高8倍以上,同时也提高了肺部局部和全身的SARS-CoV-2特异性细胞免疫应答。临床研究发现,免疫菌可改善新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)症状,提高患者的抗SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体水平,辅助治疗。需要尽快研究评价免疫菌的最佳使用方案,为防控COVID-19提供一种新的选择。

Immunobiotics, a group of probiotics, have the effect of anti-infection by regulating immune function, which can be added in in foods or used to make adjuvants or medicines(biologics). Immunobiotics can stimulate the mucosal immune system of the body, regulate innate and acquired immunity and exert non-specific anti-microbial(bacterial and viral) infection effects through oral, nasal mucosa, sublingual and other routes, but the immune regulation function of immunobiotics is species-specific. Oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE stimulated the increase and maintenance of SARS-Co V-2 neutralization antibodies in mice even 6 months after immunization. When L. plantarum GUANKE was given immediately after SARS-Co V-2 vaccination, the level of SARS-COV-2 specific neutralizing antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage increased by 8 times in mice, which improved the local and systematic cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 of mice. Clinical studies have found that immunobiotics have the auxiliary effect in the treatment of COVID-19 by mitigating the symptoms and increase the level of SARS-Co V-2 specific antibody of the patients. It is necessary to conduct research and evaluation for the appropriate guideline of immunobiotics use as erly as possible to provide a new option for the prevention and control of COVID-19.