“双碳”目标下轨道交通与能源融合发展路径和策略研究

Integrated Development of Rail Transit and Energies in China:Development Paths and Strategies

轨道交通是能源消耗和碳排放的重要行业,推进轨道交通能源结构变革和以能源自洽为特征的新型轨道交通能源系统发展是助力实现碳达峰、碳中和目标的重要手段。本文在分析轨道交通与能源融合发展需求的基础上,总结了轨道交通与能源融合的发展现状和发展趋势,从太阳能、风能等方面分析了轨道交通与能源融合发展的自然禀赋情况;根据电气化和非电气化轨道交通特点,提出了通过交通资产能源化充分利用可再生能源自然禀赋,实现新时代轨道交通能源融合发展的关键技术路径;最后,基于轨道交通新能源自洽供给潜力评估,提出了轨道交通与能源融合的系列场景和方式,最终形成了以轨道交通自洽能源系统构建为目标的轨道交通与能源融合的发展路线图和对策建议。研究建议:鼓励绿色智能轨道交通技术创新,构建轨道交通能源融合技术体系;实施核心科技攻关计划,统筹新能源与轨道交通产业布局;政策引领轨道交通能源融合发展,建立绿色金融政策保障体系。

Rail transit features high levels of energy consumption and carbon emission;therefore,transforming its energy structure and developing a novel rail transit energy system with self-consistent energy supply become significant approaches for realizing carbon peak and neutrality in China.In this article,we first review the demand for the integrated development of rail transit and energies,summarize the current status and development trends of the integration,and analyze natural endowments for the integration in terms of solar and wind resources.Subsequently,based on the characteristics of electrified and non-electrified rail transits,critical technology paths are proposed considering the natural endowments of renewable energies.Moreover,based on the assessment of self consistent supply potentials of new energies,a series of scenarios and methods are introduced.A roadmap and suggestions are proposed for rail-energy integration development,aiming to a self-consistent energy system construct for rail transit.The suggestions include:(1)encouraging technology innovation regarding green and intelligent rail transit to form a technology system for rail-energy integration;(2)implementing major scientific and technological projects to coordinate the industrial layout of new energy and rail transit;and(3)formulating support policies to create a policy guarantee system for green finance.