组织·驱动·成效:抗美援朝时期志愿军卫生教育研究

Organize·Drive·Effectiveness:A Study on Health Education of Volunteer Army during the Anti-American Aid Period

抗美援朝战争对中国人民志愿军卫生教育工作是一次重大的考验。在党和政府的正确领导下,通过战前对医务人员的组织动员和思想改造运动,基本澄清了一些医务人员存在的错误思想,加速了志愿医疗队的组建,充实了志愿军卫勤保卫力量。战争期间,由于不断总结卫生教育经验,制定驱动政策,形成了以短期集训为重点、以卫生课为主要教育方式和宣教手段多样化的教育特点,提高了军队医疗水平,内化了战士卫生常识。对卫生教育的不断重视,从而树立和巩固了“预防为主”的思想,加强了各种卫生制度的贯彻执行;熟练掌握了战伤救治技术和常见病的防治方法,提高了自救互救率;弘扬了革命情怀,培养了卫生后备力量,促进了新中国卫生事业的全面发展。

The war against the U.S.and Korea was a major test for the health education work of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army.Under the correct leadership of the Party and the government,through the organization and mobilization of medical personnel before the war,the ideological reformation campaign basically clarified the wrong ideas existing in some medical personnel,accelerated the formation of volunteer medical teams and enriched the volunteer guard and defense force.During the war,due to the continuous summing up of experience in health education and the formulation of driving policies,the educational characteristics of short-term intensive training as the focus,health lessons as the main educational method and diversified means of propaganda were formed,which improved the medical level of the army and internalized the general knowledge of warrior health.The continuous emphasis on health education has established and consolidated the idea of“prevention first”,strengthened the implementation of various health systems,proficiently mastered combat wound treatment techniques and the prevention and treatment of common diseases,and improved the rate of self-help and mutual rescue;promoted revolutionary sentiment,cultivated health reserve forces,and promoted the overall development of health in the new China.It also promoted the revolutionary sentiment,cultivated the health reserve force,and promoted the overall development of the new Chinese health cause.