《合并字学篇韵便览》音系性质发覆——以《合并字学集韵》为中心

A Reverse on the Phonological Properties of “He Bing Zi Xue Pian Yun Bian Lan”:With a Focus on “He Bing Zi Xue Ji Yun”

《合并字学篇韵便览》的主体部分是以一定的规则对“旧韵图”和“旧《篇》《韵》”进行合并而形成的。“合并”是此书的灵魂和主旋律。张元善、徐孝二人在制定音韵部分的合并规则时,主要依据的是当时“以北京-河北地区方言为主的北方话”的实际语音。在按规则合并的基础上,他们又对部分特殊小韵和韵字进行了一些调整。时至今日,《篇韵便览》以明末北京话为基础方言的说法已被大多数学者所接受。然而无论从整体结构上看,还是从对部分特殊小韵和韵字的处理方式上看,均不宜将其所依据的基础方言限定在明末北京话的范围之内。

The main part of “He Bing Zi Xue Pian Yun Bian Lan”is formed by merging the“Old Rhyme Map”and “Old Pian and Yun”according to certain rules. “Mergence”is the soul and main theme of this book.When Zhang Yuanshan and Xu Xiao formulated the merging rules for the phonological part,they mainly based on the actual pronunciation of the “Northern dialect which is mainly based on the Beijing-Hebei dialect”at that time.On the basis of merging according to the rules,they made some adjustments to some special rhymes and rhyme characters.Up to now,the statement that “Pian Yun Bian Lan”is based on the Beijing dialect in the late Ming Dynasty has been accepted by most scholars.However,in terms of the overall structure and the handling of some special rhyme and rhyme characters,it is not appropriate to limit the basic dialect on which it is based within the scope of Beijing dialect in the late Ming Dynasty.