紫堇属药用植物品种及标准整理研究

Varieties and standards of Corydalis medicinal plants

通过查阅相关本草及医药文献和各级标准,对紫堇属Corydalis药用品种、基原及其质量标准收载情况等进行了系统整理。结果表明,紫堇属藏族药用植物共71种(含变种),涉及27个药材品种。在《中国药典》2020年版、《部颁标准·藏药》、《藏药标准》及地方药材标准中共收载了11个品种,包括苦地丁、矮紫堇、丝哇、德哇及巴夏嘎等;不同文献记载的各药材品种名称、基原等存在较大的差异,“同物异名”“同名异物”等现象突出。各级标准中收载的多数品种仅有性状、显微及理化鉴别项,其质量标准不完善。基于紫堇属部分品种使用混乱、质量标准不完善及现代研究薄弱等问题,建议加强对该属药用植物的品种整理、本草考证、资源和使用现状调查,结合现代研究技术,进行不同基原植物的化学成分、药效物质基础等研究,建立完善的质量标准,有利于提高该属药材临床应用的安全性和质量可控性。对紫堇属药用植物的文献、品种及标准整理,可为其进一步的标准制定、品质评价、药源扩大及资源的合理开发利用提供参考。

Through literature research and standard retrieval,Corydalis-derived medicinal materials,the origins,and related standards were summarized.Finally,27 medicinal materials were screened out,involving 71 species(varieties).Among them,only 11 are recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020),National Standard for Chinese Patent Drugs·Tibetan Medicine,Tibetan Medicine Standards,and other local standards,including Corydalis Bungeanae Herba and Corydalis Herba.The names and original plants of the medicinal materials are different in different standards,and the phenomena of"same medicinal material with different names"and"same name for different medicinal materials"are prominent.Most standards only include the traits,microscopic identification,and physico-chemical property identification,with unsound quality criteria.Thus,efforts should be made to strengthen the sorting of Corydalis medicinal plants,herbal textual research,and investigation of the resources and utilization.Moreover,via modern techniques,the chemical components and medicinal material basis of different original plants should be explored and sound quality standards should be established to improve the safety and quality of Corydalis-derived medicinal materials.Summarizing Corydalis medicinal plants,Corydalis-derived medicinal materials,and related standards,this study is expected to provide a reference for the standard formulation,quality evaluation,expansion of drug sources,and rational development and utilization of Corydalis resources.