空间异质性建成环境对出租车与地铁竞合关系的影响

Impacts of Built Environment on Competition and Cooperation Relationship Between Taxi and Subway Considering Spatial Heterogeneity

建成环境对出行方式的影响已有丰富的研究成果,然而对不同出行方式间相互关系影响的研究仍不够细致。本文以网格化的形式细化研究区域,采用土地利用属性和交通属性的六小类要素作为特征变量刻画城市建成环境的特征。基于出租车行程的OD点与地铁站点的空间关系,将出租车与地铁竞合关系表征为SCPE(Subway-competing,与地铁竞争)方式、SE(Subwayextending,延伸地铁)方式和SC(Subway-complementing,补充地铁出行)方式,并利用多尺度地理加权回归研究建成环境对竞合关系(SCPE、SE、SC)的影响机理及其空间效应。针对兰州市的案例研究表明:SCPE、SE、SC方式具有显著的空间异质性;多尺度地理加权回归能够刻画SCPE、SE、SC方式与建成环境间依赖关系的空间异质性及其尺度差异,其估计结果更为可靠;建成环境各要素对SCPE方式的影响较为平稳,SC方式对公交站点密度和道路密度要素非常敏感,存在高度的空间异质性,SE方式亦对公交站点密度要素非常敏感。

This study investigates the impact of built environment on the relationship between taxi and subway considering spatial heterogeneity.The study area is divided into grid cells and six subcategories of transportation system attributes and land use system attributes are selected as variables to describe the characteristics of urban built environment.The competition and cooperation relationship between taxi and subway are defined as SCPE(subwaycompeting),SE(subway-extending),and SC(subway-complementing) based on the spatial relationship of origin/destination of taxi trips and subway stations.The multi-scale geographic weighted regression model(MGWR) is used to analyze the influence mechanism and spatial effects of built environment on the coopetition relationships(SC,SCPE,SE).The case study of Lanzhou city shows that the SC,SCPE and SE have significant spatial heterogeneity.The MGWR can characterize the spatial heterogeneity and scale difference between the coopetition relationship and variable dependencies and produce a more reliable estimate result.Moreover,the spatial impact of the built environment elements on the SCPE mode is relatively stable.The SC mode is closely related to bus stop density and road density,and there is high degree of spatial heterogeneity.The SE mode is also closely related to bus stop density.