专利技术鉴定意见证据效力实证研究及政策启示

Empirical Study on the Evidence Validity of the Patent Technology Expert Opinions and the Policy Implications

专利技术鉴定关乎专利审判公正。研究专利技术鉴定意见证据效力影响因素,提出改善建议与办法,有助于提高我国知识产权司法公信力,进而加强知识产权保护、促进科技创新。文章以全国各级法院涉专利技术鉴定意见案件裁判文书为研究样本,揭示鉴定机构、鉴定委托人、审理法院特征及案件标的特征对专利技术鉴定意见证据效力的影响。研究发现:鉴定机构与涉诉标的相关情况不显著影响法院就专利技术鉴定意见采纳与否的判断;专利技术鉴定委托权实际垄断现象确实存在;专利技术鉴定意见被采纳的可能性随审理法院级别的降低而提高。文章从完善单方委托技术鉴定制度、保障技术鉴定意见充分质证、加强技术鉴定管理体制建设方面提出改善专利技术鉴定意见证据效力的政策建议。

Patent technology expert opinions(PTEOs)are related to the fairness of patent trials.Researching the fac⁃tors affecting the effectiveness of PTEOs and proposing improvement suggestions and methods will help improve the credibility of intellectual property trials,strengthen intellectual property protection,and promote technological innova⁃tion.Take the judgment documents of courts at all levels across the country that involve PTEOs as research samples.The influence of the characteristics of the appraisal agency,the client,the trial court,and the case subject on the evi⁃dence effectiveness of the PTEOs was explored.It illustrated that the relevant circumstances of the appraisal agency and the subject matter of the lawsuit will not significantly affect the court′s judgment on whether the PTEOs are ad⁃opted or not;the monopoly of appraisal commission right does exist in practice;the possibility of the PTEOs being ad⁃opted increases as the level of the trial court decreases.Finally,this article proposed policy enlightenment to improve the evidence effectiveness of PTEOs from three aspects:perfecting the unilateral entrusted appraisal system,ensuring that the technical expert opinions are fully cross-examined,and strengthening the construction of the technical ap⁃praisal management system.