重庆市2020年大众人群艾滋病相关知识态度行为调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of AIDS-related knowledge,attitudes and behaviors among Chongqing population in 2020

目的了解重庆市大众人群艾滋病知识掌握情况及相关态度和行为,为艾滋病防治提供科学依据。方法2020年9月按国务院防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室关于开展《中国遏制与防治艾滋病“十三五”行动计划》终期评估工作通知中的大众艾滋病知识知晓率调查方案要求,通过多阶段抽样选择年龄15~60岁重庆常住人口600名作为调查对象,采用相关问卷调查其艾滋病知识掌握情况及相关态度和行为。共回收问卷600份,有效问卷597份,有效率为99.5%。结果597名调查对象艾滋病基础知识知晓率为89.45%(534/597),对艾滋病非传播途径掌握情况较差。艾滋病既往检测率为12.23%(73/597)。大部分调查对象对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者和艾滋病患者存在负向态度。电视是最主要的知识来源。年龄低于40岁、文化程度越高,以及报刊、书籍、咨询服务(含电话咨询)、免费宣传资料是知晓艾滋病相关知识的保护性因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同职业调查对象知晓情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重庆市大众人群对艾滋病非传播途径掌握情况较差。对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者和艾滋病患者的歧视广泛存在。同时,存在安全套使用率较低,知识行为分离的情况。

Objective To understand the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)knowledge,related attitudes and sexual behaviors of the general population in Chongqing,so as to provide scientific evidence for AIDS prevention strategy.Methods In September 2020,in accordance with the requirements of the survey plan on the public awareness rate of HIV/AIDS in the notification of the final assessment of China′s 13th Five-Year Action Plan for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS of The State Council AIDS Prevention and Control Office,a total of 600permanent residents aged 15-60in Chongqing were selected by multi-stage sampling,and relevant questionnaires were used to investigate their AIDS knowledge and related attitudes and behaviors.A total of 600questionnaires were collected and 597were valid,with an effective rate of 99.5%.Results The awareness rate of 597respondents basic knowledge about AIDS was 89.44%(534/597),and they had a poor grasp of the non-transmission channels of AIDS.The HIV testing rate was 12.23%(73/597).Most of the respondents had negative attitudes towards HIV/AIDS.Television was the most important source of knowledge.The protective factors of AIDS-related knowledge were less than 40years old,higher education level,newspapers,books,counseling services(including telephone consultation)and free publicity materials,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was significant difference in the knowledge of different occupations(P<0.05).Conclusion The general population in Chongqing have a poor grasp of non-transmission channels.Discrimination against HIV/AIDS is widespread.The rate of condom use is low.And there exists a separation of HIV/AIDS knowledge and behavior.