人工智能技术能否成为引领城市绿色发展的新引擎

Can Artificial Intelligence Technology Become a New Engine of Urban Green Development

在大数据时代背景下,人工智能技术不仅能够推动经济快速发展,而且在促进经济结构转型、改善环境质量上具有不可替代的作用。基于2007—2018年长三角城市群的面板数据,首先量化各城市人工智能技术发展规模,同时运用DEA-BCC模型测算出各城市的绿色发展效率,进而通过实证检验其影响效果及作用机制。结果表明:人工智能技术显著提高了城市绿色发展效率且是通过结构效应、创新效应和人力资本效应三种途径对城市的绿色发展产生影响,其中人力资本效应起主导作用;在不同区域的城市群中,人工智能技术的发展规模对绿色全要素生产率的影响效果各不相同;城市的产业集聚对其人工智能技术顺利促进绿色发展具有不可或缺的作用。最后,提出加大对人工智能人才、技术、产业的投入,加快人工智能与绿色发展的融合以及推动长三角地区经济一体化发展的政策建议。

In the era of big data,AI technology can not only promote rapid development of economy,but also promote transformation of economic structure and improve environmental quality.Based on the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone panel data from 2007 to 2018,this paper first quantifies the scale of AI development in cities,and then uses DEA-BCC model to calculate the green development efficiency of cities,then empirically tests its effect and mechanism of impact.The results show that the artificial intelligence technology significantly improves the urban green development efficiency and influences the urban green development through three ways:structure effect,innovation effect and human capital effect,and the human capital effect plays a leading role.The scale of AI technology development has different effects on the green total factor productivity in different urban agglomerations.Urban Industrial agglomeration plays an important role in promoting the green development of artificial intelligence technology.It also puts forward policy suggestions on increasing investment in artificial intelligence talents,technology and industry,speeding up the integration of artificial intelligence and green development,and promoting the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone.