人字齿轮对称度偏差对系统振动特性的影响分析

Influence of Symmetry Deviation of Herringbone Gears on the System Vibration Characteristics

为了解决人字齿轮两侧轮齿对称度偏差引起的人字齿轮系统轴向振动、噪声的问题。文中基于对称度偏差的人字齿轮系统轴向振动特性,采用齿轮齿距测量法对齿轮副的对称度偏差进行测量。提出了考虑对称度偏差的人字齿轮系统动力学分析模型,在精确求解两侧轮齿非对称的齿轮啮合刚度的基础上,仿真分析了不同工况对称度偏差引起的齿轮系统轴向振动特性规律。构建了人字齿轮传动系统试验台,在中低速条件下进行了变工况人字齿轮系统的轴向振动特性的测试。研究结果表明:对称度偏差对人字齿轮轮齿两侧的啮合冲击影响较小,对啮合刚度影响更为明显且负载偏低一侧齿轮副的啮合刚度略小;试验得到三个不同测点的小齿轮轴向振动速度曲线,与理论结果存在26%误差,曲线对比表明小轮轴向振动速度变化趋势具有高度的一致性。

The study is intended to solve the problems of axial vibration and noise of herringbone gear systems caused by the symmetry deviation of herringbone gears.Based on the axial vibration characteristics of herringbone gear transmission systems with symmetry deviation present, the symmetry deviation of a pair of herringbone gears was obtained by the pitch measurement method.A dynamic analysis model with the symmetry deviation in view was proposed.The finite element method was used to calculate the meshing stiffness of gears with asymmetric teeth on both sides, and the axial vibration velocity profile was obtained.In order to test the axial vibration characteristics of a variable duty herringbone gear transmission system at low and medium speeds, a herringbone gear testing bench was constructed.The pinion axial vibration speed was obtained at three different measurement points.The results show that the symmetry deviation has less impact on the meshing on both sides of the herringbone gear teeth and more obvious impact on the meshing stiffness.The symmetry deviation leads to different load torques on both sides of the gear, and the meshing stiffness of the gear pair on the side with lower load is slightly smaller.There is a 26% error between the theoretical and experimental results.The comparison of the curves show that the axial vibration speed of the pinion varies consistently.