中国居民1990—2019年皮肤及皮下疾病疾病负担变化趋势

Changing trend in disease burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases among Chinese residents, 1990 – 2019

目的 分析中国居民1990—2019年皮肤及皮下疾病疾病负担的变化趋势,为我国公共卫生政策的制定提供理论依据。方法 收集2019年全球疾病负担(GBD 2019)研究中1990、2000、2010和2019年中国居民皮肤及皮下疾病疾病负担相关数据,采用发病数、标化发病率、患病数、标化患病率、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、标化DALY率和估计年百分比变化(EAPC)等指标分析1990—2019年中国居民皮肤及皮下疾病疾病负担的变化趋势。结果 中国居民1990—2019年皮肤及皮下疾病的发病数、标化发病率、患病数、标化患病率和DALY分别增长了29.33%、27.20%、27.23%、5.52%和14.75%,但标化DALY率则降低了0.29%;女性居民标化发病率低于同时期男性居民,但标化患病率和标化DALY率均高于同时期男性居民。中国居民1990—2019年皮肤及皮下疾病标化发病率增长最快的为褥疮(EAPC=1.078,95%UI=0.826~1.317),下降最快的为蜂窝织炎(EAPC=–1.210,95%UI=–1.416~–1.019);标化患病率增长最快的为寻常痤疮(EAPC=1.087,95%UI=1.052~1.110),下降最快的为蜂窝织炎(EAPC=–1.097,95%UI=–1.289~–0.917);标化DALY率增长最快的为褥疮(EAPC=2.202,95%UI=0.905~3.451),下降最快的是蜂窝织炎(EAPC=–7.304,95%UI=–8.081~–7.087)。结论 中国居民1990—2019年皮肤及皮下疾病的发病率和患病率有所增加,疾病负担虽有所改善但仍处于较高水平,其中对疾病负担增长最快的褥疮应加以重视。

Objective To analyze changing trend in the burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases among Chinese residents during 1990 – 2019 for providing evidences to the development of health policy. Methods Data on incidence and prevalence of skin and subcutaneous diseases among Chinese residents in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2019 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019(GBD 2019). Indicators including incidence and prevalence number, crude and standardized incidence and prevalence, disability-adjusted life years(DALY) and estimated annual percentage change(EAPC) of the indicators were adopted to assess changing trend in disease burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases.Results Compared to that in 1990, an upward trend in the burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases was observed among Chinese residents in 2019, with the increases of 29.33% for incidence number, 27.20% for age-standardized incidence rate,27.23% for prevalence number, 5.52% for age-standardized prevalence rate, and 14.75% for DALY, respectively;but the age-standardized DALY rate decreased by 0.29%. During the period, the age-standardized prevalence rate and DALY rate of skin and subcutaneous diseases in female residents were higher than those in the male residents;while the age-standardized incidence rate for female residents was lower than that for male residents. In terms of different skin and subcutaneous diseases in Chinese residents during the 30-year period, decubitus ulcer showed the highest increase in age-standardized incidence rate(with an EAPC of 1.078, 95% uncertainty interval [95% UI]: 0.826 – 1.317) and in DALY rate(EAPC =2.202, 95% UI: 0.905 – 3.451);in contrast, cellulitis manifested the highest decrease in age-standardized incidence rate(EAPC = – 1.210, 95% UI: – 1.416 – – 1.019) and in DALY rate(EAPC = – 7.304, 95% UI: – 8.081 – – 7.087);the increase of age-standardized prevalence rate was the highest for acne vulgaris(EAPC = 1.087, 95% UI = 1.052 – 1.110) but the decrease was the highest for cellulitis(EAPC = – 1.097, 95% UI: – 1.289 – – 0.917). Conclusion Among Chinese residents during 1990 – 2019, the burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases was under control but still remained at a high level due to increased incidence rate and prevalence rate of the diseases;special concern should be paid to decubitus ulcer to attenuate the burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases.