Caprini血栓风险评估模型的循证护理联合医用弹力袜干预对妇科腹腔镜术后患者DVT发生率的影响

Effects of Evidence-based Nursing of Caprini Thrombosis Risk Assessment Model Combined with Medical Compression Stocking Intervention on the Incidence Rate of DVT in Patients after Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery

目的:探究Caprini血栓风险评估模型的循证护理+医用弹力袜对妇科腹腔镜术后患者深静脉血栓(DVT)发生率的影响。方法:将2019年6月-2021年6月河源市妇幼保健院收治的80例行腹腔镜术患者随机数字表法分为常规组和联合组,各40例。常规组采用常规围手术期护理进行干预,联合组在此基础上,采用Caprini血栓风险评估模型的循证护理+医用弹力袜的方式进行护理干预,比较联合组术前与术后6 h的Caprini血栓风险评估值,比较两组术后并发症发生情况、DVT发生率和血栓直径、术后恢复状况、护理质量及护理满意度。结果:联合组术后6 h的Caprini血栓风险评估值显著低于术前(P<0.05);联合组术后下肢肿胀、疼痛、浅静脉曲张的发生率显著低于常规组(P<0.05);联合组术后DVT发生率显著少于常规组,且检出血栓的直径显著小于常规组(P<0.05);联合组术后排气、下床活动时间显著早于常规组(P<0.05),术后住院时间显著短于常规组(P<0.05);经护理,联合组手术宣教、术后运动指导、DVT防治的护理质量评分和护理满意度均显著高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:Caprini血栓风险评估模型的循证护理联合医用弹力袜干预能够降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者DVT发生率,提高护理质量,提升患者整个病程的护理满意度。

Objective:To explore the effects of evidence-based nursing of Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model+medical compression stocking on the incidence rate of deep venous thrombosis(DVT)in patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Method:A total of 80 patients who were treated with laparoscopic surgery in Heyuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital between June 2019 and June 2021 were divided into the conventional group(n=40)and the combined group(n=40)according random number table.The conventional group performed conventional perioperative nursing intervention while the combined group applied evidence-based nursing of Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model+medical compression stocking on the basis of conventional nursing intervention.Caprini thrombosis risk assessment value was compared in combined group before surgery and at 6 h after surgery.The occurrence of postoperative complications,rate and diameter of thrombus,postoperative recovery status,nursing quality and nursing satisfaction were statistically analyzed in the two groups.Result:The Caprini thrombosis risk assessment value of patients in combined group at 6 h after surgery was significantly lower compared with that before surgery(P<0.05).The incidence rates of postoperative lower limb swelling,pain and superficial varicose veins in combined group were significantly lower than those in conventional group(P<0.05).The rate of thrombus after surgery was markedly less than that in conventional group,and the diameter of detected thrombus was significantly smaller than that in conventional group(P<0.05).The postoperative exhaust time and ambulation time were significantly earlier than those in conventional group(P<0.05),and the postoperative hospital staying time was significantly shorter compared to conventional group(P<0.05).After nursing,the nursing quality scores of surgical education,postoperative exercise guidance and DVT prevention and treatment and nursing satisfaction of patients in combined group were significantly higher than those in conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Evidence-based nursing of Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model combined with medical compression stocking intervention can reduce the incidence rate of DVT,enhance the nursing quality and promote the nursing satisfaction of whole disease course in patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.