急救医疗设备风险因子分析在急诊设备管理中的研究

Practical research on risk factor analysis of emergency medical equipment in emergency medical equipment management

目的:基于因子分析法构建急救医疗设备风险控制模式,探讨其在医院急诊设备管理中的应用价值。方法:选取2018-2021年医院临床在用的急救医疗设备,根据管理模式不同将其分为对照组和观察组,对照组基于德尔菲法构建风险防控内容明细和实施措施,根据风险等级进行风险防控;观察组基于因子分析法构建风险结构模型并提取公共因子,从设备预防管理和护理干预措施两方面进行风险防控。对比两组风险因素的关联性和风险防控的有效性。结果:观察组风险等级与设备、人员、环境和制度的风险发生概率呈高度相关(r≥0.8),对照组呈弱相关(r<0.5);观察组风险等级与设备、人员、环境和制度的风险影响程度高度相关(r≥0.8),对照组呈中度相关(r≥0.5);观察组呼吸急救设备、体征监护设备、生命支持设备、心脏急救设备、输液及注射装备及其他急救设备的不安全事项率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=20.452,x^(2)=10.201,x^(2)=7.840,x^(2)=14.798,x^(2)=8.127,x^(2)=4.597;P<0.05)。结论:基于因子分析法的急救医疗设备风险控制模式能够有效提取高风险因子,采取干预措施降低风险发生概率和影响程度,提高急救医疗设备运行质量。

Objective: To construct emergency medical equipment risk control model based on factor analysis and explore its application value in hospital emergency medical equipment management. Methods: The emergency medical equipment in clinical use were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to different management modes. The control group constructed risk prevention and control details and implementation measures of equipment based on Delphi method, and conducted risk prevention and control according to the risk level;the observation group established a risk structure model based on factor analysis and extracted common factors, and carried out risk prevention and control from two aspects of equipment prevention management and nursing intervention measures. The correlation of risk factors and the effectiveness of risk prevention and control were compared between the two groups. Results: The risk level of the observation group was highly correlated with the risk probability of equipment, personnel, environment and system(r≥0.8), the risk level of the control group was weakly correlated(r<0.5). The risk level of the observation group was highly correlated with the risk impact degree of equipment, personnel, environment and system(r≥0.8), the risk level of the control group was moderately correlated(r≥0.5). The rate of unsafe items of respiratory first-aid equipment, physical sign monitoring equipment, life support equipment, cardiac first-aid equipment, infusion and injection equipment and other first-aid equipment in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(x^(2)=20.452,x^(2)=10.201, x^(2)=7.840, x^(2)=14.798, x^(2)=8.127, x^(2)=4.597;P<0.05). Conclusion: The risk prevention and control mode of emergency medical equipment based on factor analysis can effectively extract high risk factors, take intervention measures to reduce the occurrence probability and influence degree of risk, and improve the operation quality of emergency medical equipment.