基于Weibull分布的血液透析机可靠性研究

Research and analysis on reliability of hemodialysis machine based on Weibull distribution

针对目前血液透析机维修过程中存在的故障率高、故障危害性强等问题,以两参数威布尔(Weibull)分布模型为基础,研究血液透析机可靠性分布规律。收集2017-2020年间所在医院院及华东地区三级医院血液透析机的故障数据,按其结构功能对故障数据进行整理汇总,使用血液透析机各类故障数据建立并计算Weibull分布可靠性函数及平均无故障前时间(MTBF)等,使用拟合优度法对各类故障数据拟合情况进行检验,其中血泵、肝素泵、静脉压监测模块及空气监测模块,以及温度控制系统、配液系统、除气系统、超滤监测系统和漏血监测系统故障数据拟合相关性均无统计学意义(R^(2)=0.87,R^(2)=0.85,R^(2)=0.92,R^(2)=0.9,R^(2)=0.88,R^(2)=0.89,R^(2)=0.96,R^(2)=0.84,R^(2)=0.97;P>0.05);电导率监测系统故障数据拟合优度具有相关性(R^(2)=0.79,P<0.05),相应各类故障MTBF分别为194.89 d、248.46 d、277.56 d、256.74 d、167.66 d、130.55 d、246.26 d、147.58 d、234.25 d,113.93 d。基于Weibull对血液透析机进行可靠性故障分析的方法,可为制定有针对性的预防性维护方案提供循证依据。

Aiming at the problems of high failure rate and strong harmfulness in the maintenance of hemodialysis machine, the reliability distribution law of hemodialysis machine was studied based on the two-parameter Weibull distribution model. The failure data of hemodialysis machines in the hospital and tertiary hospitals in East China from 2017 to 2020 was collected, sorted out and summarized the failure data by structure and function thereof. Weibull distribution reliability function and the mean time before failure(MTBF) were established and calculated by using various failure data of hemodialysis machine, and the fit of various failure data were tested by the goodness-of-fit method. The fault data fitting correlations of the blood pump, heparin pump, venous pressure monitoring module,air monitoring module, temperature control system, liquid dispensing system, degassing system, ultrafiltration monitoring system and blood leakage monitoring system there was no statistically significant correlation(R~2=0.87,R~2=0.85, R~2=0.92, R~2=0.9, R~2=0.88, R~2=0.89, R~2=0.96, R~2=0.84, R~2=0.97, P>0.05). The goodness of fit of fault data of conductivity monitoring system was correlated(R~2=0.79, P<0.05). Correspondingly, the MTBF of various faults were 194.89 d, 248.46 d, 277.56 d, 256.74 d, 167.66 d, 130.55 d, 246.26 d, 147.58 d, 234.25 d and 113.93 d respectively. The method of reliability failure analysis of hemodialysis machines based on Weibull can provide evidence-based basis for formulating targeted preventive maintenance programs.