一起学校净化饮水机出水铅超标事件调查

An investigation into incident of excessive plumbum in water from a school water purification dispenser

目的了解2020年北京市某区一起学校净化饮水机出水铅超标事件的发生特点及原因,探讨饮用水污染事件处置经验。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,收集铅超标事件学校基本情况,采用问卷调查并现场采集饮用水样本进行检测等,探索危险因素。依据《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.5—2006)进行检测,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)进行评价。结果本次事件共采集饮用水样本10件,4件水龙头水质均合格,3件净化饮水机出水铅均超标,对饮水机更换发热管和滤芯后,3件饮水机出水铅均合格。结论该起饮用水污染事件可能由净化饮水机发热管或滤芯引起,发热管本身的铅析出或滤芯不按时更换是导致这次学校饮用水污染事件的原因。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and causes of an incident of excessive plumbum in water from a school water purification dispenser in a district of Beijing in 2020,and to explore the experience of disposal of drinking water pollution.Methods The field epidemiological method was used to collect the basic information of schools in a case of excessive plumbum.Questionnaires were used and drinking water samples were collected on site for testing to explore the risk factors.The test was conducted according to GB/T 5750.5—2006Standards Examination Methods for Drinking Water,and the evaluation was conducted according to GB 5749—2006Standards for Drinking Water Quality.Results A total of 10 drinking water samples were collected in this incident.The water quality of 4 faucets was qualified,and the plumbum in the effluent of 3 water purification dispenser exceeded the standard.After replacing the heating pipe and filter element of drinking fountains,the plumbum in the effluent of 3 water purification dispenser was qualified.Conclusion The drinking water pollution incident may be caused by heating pipe or filter element of water purification dispenser.The plumbum precipitation of heating pipe itself or filter element is not replaced on time is the cause of the drinking water pollution incident in school.