鄂州市556人孕期尿样邻苯二甲酸酯内暴露及影响因素分析

Maternal exposure to phthalate and related factors analysis in 556 pregnant women of Ezhou City

目的检测孕妇体内邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)的浓度,并分析其影响因素。方法以鄂州市妇幼保健院为现场,于2018年11月—2021年6月收集来产检的孕妇尿液样本,测定尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯单酯(m PAEs)的浓度,结合调查问卷,分析影响因素。结果此次研究共收集到556份有效尿液样本及相应问卷。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,食用膨化食品会增加邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基己基酯(MEHP)内暴露浓度,OR(95%CI)值为2.28(1.84,6.08);使用化妆品会增加邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)、邻苯二甲酸单甲酯(MMP)、邻苯二甲酸单苄基酯(MBzP)的浓度,OR值为1.59(1.19,3.61)、1.58(1.24,3.62)、2.28(2.18,4.28);孕前染发会增加MEHP和MMP的浓度,OR值为3.86(1.38,8.28)、2.20(1.92,3.48);使用塑料袋会增加MEHP和MBP的浓度,OR值为2.12(1.48,4.48)、4.28(2.48,6.07)。结论孕妇普遍暴露于邻苯二甲酸酯,使用化妆品、塑料袋及孕前染发是其主要危险因素。

Objective The concentrations of phthalate esters(PAEs)in pregnant women were detected and the influencing factors were analyzed.Methods The urine samples of pregnant women were collected from November 2018 to June 2021 in Ezhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital.The concentrations of phthalate monoesters(m PAEs)in urine were determined,and the influencing factors were analyzed combined with questionnaires.Results A total of 556 valid urine samples and corresponding questionnaires were collected.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that eating puffy food increased the concentration of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(MEHP),and the OR(95%CI)was 2.28(1.84,6.08).The use of cosmetics increased the concentration of mono-butyl phthalate(MBP),mono-methyl phthalate(MMP),mono-benzyl phthalate(MBzP),OR values were 1.59(1.19,3.61),1.58(1.24,3.62),and 2.28(2.18,4.28),respectively.Hair dyeing before pregnancy increased the concentrations of MEHP and MMP,and the OR values were 3.86(1.38,8.28)and2.20(1.92,3.48).The use of plastic bags increased the concentrations of MEHP and MBP,and the OR values were 2.12(1.48,4.48)and 4.28(2.48,6.07).Conclusion Pregnant women are generally exposed to phthalates,and the use of cosmetics,plastic bags and hair coloring before pregnancy are the main risk factors.