2016年—2021年宁夏艾滋病确证中心实验室HIV不确定结果分析

Analysis of HIV uncertainty results in laboratory of Ningxia AIDS Confirmation Center during 2016—2021

目的分析宁夏省级艾滋病确证中心实验室2016年—2021年HIV检测不确定结果数据,为HIV-1检测策略提供科学依据。方法按照《全国艾滋病检测技术规范》(2015年修订版)检测要求,回顾性分析2016年—2021年本实验室WB确证HIV抗体为不确定的人群特征和条带特征。结果2016年—2021年,本实验室复检样本2507份,对其中1854份复查阳性的样本进行了确证试验,不确定99份(占5.3%)。各年度不确定率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.664,P=0.002),不确定样本中男性72例,女性27例,21岁~60岁占78.8%,病例来源以医院居多,占56.6%,疾病预防控制机构占27.3%,血液中心不确定结果占比16.6%;99例不确定结果中,30例完成了随访复查,随访率为30.3%,14例随访确诊为阳性,占比46.6%。结论尽快将核酸检测作为补充方法,以期提高对HIV-1不确定结果的样本进行确诊,做到早发现早诊断。

Objective The results of uncertain samples from the laboratory of Ningxia AIDS Confirmation Center during 2016-2020 were analyzed,so as to provide basis for the implementation of HIV confirmation testing.Methods According to the testing requirements of National AIDS Testing Technical Specification(Revised Edition,2015),a retrospective analysis was conducted on the uncertain population characteristics and banding characteristics of HIV antibodies confirmed by WB from 2016 to2021.Results Of the 2507 samples reexamined,1854 positive samples were confirmed by confirmatory tests,and 99(5.3%)were uncertain during 2016-2021.There was statistical significance on the differences in uncertainty rates among different years(χ^(2)=2.664,P=0.002).Among the uncertain samples from 72 males and 27 females,78.8%were 21-60 years old.The majority of cases were from hospitals(56.6%),CDCs(27.3%),and blood centers(16.6%).Among the 99 cases with uncertain results,30 cases completed follow-up review,with a follow-up rate of 30.3%,and 14 cases were confirmed positive during follow-up,accounting for 46.6%.Conclusion Nucleic acid detection should be used as a supplementary method in order to improve the diagnosis of samples with uncertain results of HIV-1,so as to achieve early detection and early diagnosis.