特质应对方式在疾控人员职业紧张与离职倾向间中介效应

Mediating role of trait coping style on the relationship between occupational stress and turnover intention among staff in disease control and prevention institutions

目的分析疾病预防控制(以下简称疾控)人员职业紧张、特质应对方式、离职倾向之间的关系,探究特质应对方式在疾控人员职业紧张与离职倾向间的中介效应。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,于2020年7—9月,在江苏省抽取21家各级疾控的2036名工作人员,对其职业紧张、特质应对方式和离职倾向进行问卷调查,结合统计结果和质性访谈进行分析。结果研究对象职业紧张总得分[M(P_(25)~P_(75))]为42.0(37.0~48.0)分;特质应对方式得分为6.0(1.0~13.0)分;离职倾向得分为2.0(1.3~2.5)分。离职倾向得分与职业紧张的组织与回报、要求与付出得分均呈正相关(r=0.46、0.22),与职业紧张的社会支持、自主性维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.38、-0.08),与特质应对方式得分呈负相关(r=-0.442)。中介效应分析结果显示,特质应对方式在职业紧张的社会支持、组织与回报和要求与付出维度和离职倾向之间具有中介效应,中介效应值分别为0.0237(95%CI=0.0193~0.0287)、0.0158(95%CI=0.0127~0.0189)和0.0161(95%CI=0.0117~0.0207)。中介效应百分比分别为26.60%、21.94%和31.88%。结论疾控人员特质应对方式在职业紧张的社会支持、组织与回报和要求与付出3个维度和离职倾向之间发挥部分中介效应;提高其特质应对方式水平,可能有助于减少离职倾向的产生。

Objective To investigate relationships among turnover intention,occupational stress and trait coping style and to explore mediating role of trait coping style on the correlation between occupational stress and turnover intention among employees in centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs).Methods A network-based survey was conducted during July-September 2020 among 2201 professionals recruited with random cluster sampling at 21 CDCs at various administrative levels in Jiangsu province.A general questionnaire,Core Occupational Stress Scale(COSS),Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ),and a turnover intention scale developed by other researches were adopted in the survey.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 22.0.Results Valid information were collected from 2036 respondents.Among all the respondents,the median score(25th percentile,75th percentile)was 42.0(37.0,48.0)for COSS,6.0(1.0,13.0)for TCSQ,and 2.0(1.3,2.5)for turnover intention.The turnover intention score was correlated positively with COSS dimension scores of organization-reward(correlation coefficient[r]=0.46)and demand-effort(r=0.22)but inversely with the dimension scores of social support(r=-0.38)and independence(r=-0.08)and the score of TCSQ(r=-0.442).The results of mediating effect analysis revealed mediating effect of trait coping style on the correlation of turnover intention with occupation stress's dimension variables of social support(effect value=0.0237,the value's 95% confidence interval[95%CI]:0.0193-0.0287;effect percentage=26.60%),organization-reward(effect value=0.0158,95%CI:0.0127-0.0189;effect percentage=21.94%),and demand-effort(effect value=0.0161,95%CI:0.0117-0.0207;effect percentage=31.88%).Conclusion The trait coping style could exert mediating effect on the correlations of turnover intention with occupation stress-related social support,organization-reward and demand-effort among professionals in disease control and prevention institutions.The improvement in trait coping style may reduce the professional's turnover intention.