无催化剂存在下一锅反应合成肉桂腈和茴香腈

One-pot synthesis of cinnamonitrile and anisonitrile under catalyst-free conditions

分别以肉桂醛和茴香醛与盐酸羟胺分别为原料,在无催化剂存在下通过一锅反应高效合成了肉桂腈和茴香腈。考察了肉桂醛和茴香醛与盐酸羟胺的摩尔比、反应时间、反应温度和溶剂等因素对肉桂腈和茴香腈产率的影响。实验结果表明,N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂,肉桂醛和茴香醛的加入量均为0.05mol,盐酸羟胺的加入量为0.06mol,即肉桂醛和茴香醛与盐酸羟胺的摩尔比均为1∶1.2,反应温度均为110℃,合成肉桂腈的反应时间为5h,产率在86.3%以上,合成茴香腈的反应时间为4h,产率在90.6%以上,此方法提供了简单高效合成肉桂腈和茴香腈的新策略。

Cinnamonitrile and anisonitrile were synthesized via an efficient one-pot reaction from cinnamaldehyde or anisaldehyde with hydroxylamine hydrochloride under catalyst-free conditions in good yield. The effects of the molar ratio of cinnamaldehyde or anisaldehyde and hydroxylamine hydrochloride, reaction time, reaction tem-perature and solvent on the reaction were discussed. The experimental results showed that the optimized reaction conditions for the synthesis of cinnamonitrile and anisonitrile are as follows: when the molar ratio of cinnamaldehyde or anisaldehyde(0.05mol) to hydroxylamine hydrochloride(0.06mol) is 1∶1.2, the reaction temperature is110℃ using N-methy-pyrrolidoneas as solvent, the yield of cinnamonitrile is over 86.3%(reaction time 5h) and the yield of anisonitrile is over 90.6%(reaction time is 4h). This simple methodology provides an efficient protocol for the synthesis of cinnamonitrile and anisonitrile.