大学超学科研究:理论内涵、实践路径与现实挑战

University Trans-disciplinary Research:Theoretical Connotation,Practical Principles,and Realistic Challenges

大学超学科研究作为一种建立在单一学科、多学科、交叉学科基础上的学科范式,专注于为可持续发展的社会问题解决做出贡献,致力于同时解决理论与实践两方面的问题,具有参与性、价值性、集成性、层次性四方面特征。大学超学科研究遵循一定的范式,即沿着构建协作研究团队并达成共识、定义研究范畴形成问题框架、通过协作研究生成可转移知识、重新整合与应用所创造的知识实践路径进行。然而,现实中的大学超学科研究面临着缺乏问题意识或问题框架不充分,问题所有权不平衡,所涉及的团队或参与者的合法性不足,缺乏跨知识类型、组织结构、交流方式整合等诸多困境。以罗马尼亚巴比什-波雅依大学为例,探讨其在超学科制度化过程中的实践路径,可以发现大学超学科研究不仅拓展了传统学科服务的空间,同时也为未来大学参与区域社会问题的解决提供了新的选择和思路。

As a discipline paradigm based on single disciplines,multiple disciplines,and interdisciplinary subjects,university transdisciplinary research focuses on contributing to the solution to social problems with sustainable development,and is committed to solving both theoretical and practical problems at the same time.It has four characteristics:participation,value,integration,and hierarchy.University trans-disciplinary research follows the practical pattern of building collaborative research teams and reaching consensus,defining research categories to form a problem framework,generating transferable knowledge through collaborative research,and reintegrating and applying the new knowledge.In reality,however,university trans-disciplinary research is faced with a number of difficulties,such as insufficient problem awareness or problem framework,unbalanced problem ownership,flawed legitimacy of the teams or participants involved,and lack of integration across knowledge types,organizational structures,and communication methods.Taking Babes-Bolyai University as an example,this study explores its practice path in the process of trans-disciplinary institutionalization,and finds that university trans-disciplinary research not only expands the space for traditional disciplinary services,but also provides new options and ideas for universities to participate in resolution of regional social issues in future.