鼻咽癌放疗术后吞咽障碍患者焦虑抑郁心理现状分析

Anxiety and depression among dysphagic persons after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

目的探讨鼻咽癌放疗术后吞咽障碍患者的焦虑、抑郁状态,并分析其相关因素。方法随机选取在中山大学附属第三医院康复科门诊就诊的鼻咽癌放疗术后吞咽障碍患者151例,收集患者资料,包括一般资料调查问卷信息和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)评分。采用描述性分析和逐步回归法评定鼻咽癌放疗术后患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响因素。结果本研究回收有效问卷143份,其中共检出焦虑症状患者52例(36.3%)、抑郁症状患者61例(42.7%)。通过多因素回归分析,发现鼻咽癌放疗后吞咽障碍患者的焦虑亚量表(HADS-A)得分与其是否使用胃管、是否有宗教信仰及居住地有关(P<0.05),鼻咽癌放疗后吞咽障碍患者的抑郁亚量表(HADS-D)得分与其是否使用胃管及居住地有关(P<0.05)。结论鼻咽癌放疗术后吞咽障碍患者常伴有焦虑及抑郁情绪,使用胃管会增加患者的焦虑及抑郁程度;居住在农村者的抑郁程度较轻,有宗教信仰者的焦虑程度较轻。

Objective To investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma among persons suffering from dysphagia,and to analyze the related factors.Methods A total of 143 persons with dysphagia after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma were studied.They completed a general information questionnaire and were evaluated using the hospital anxiety and depression scale.Results Anxiety was detected in 52 of the subjects(36.3%)and depression in 61(42.7%).Multivariate regression analysis showed that the average total anxiety score was significantly related to whether the respondent used a gastric tube and whether they lived in a religious household.The average total depression score was related to gastric tube use and to the respondent′s district of residence.Conclusion Persons with dysphagia after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma often suffer anxiety and depression.The use of a gastric tube increases the risk.The depression of rural residents and those with religious beliefs tends to be milder.