我国社区护士科研能力与培训需求的现状调查

Current situation of scientific research ability and training demand of community nurses in China

目的了解我国社区护士科研能力及培训需求现状。方法采用便利抽样法,2021年6—8月选取全国16个省/自治区/直辖市的3633名社区护士进行调查,问卷内容包括一般资料、护理人员科研能力自评量表、科研态度和培训需求。共回收问卷3633份,有效问卷3561份,有效回收率为98.0%。采用单因素分析、多重线性回归分析对社区护士科研能力总分的影响因素进行分析。结果3561名社区护士科研能力总分为39.00(28.00,60.00)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,护理工作年限、最高学历、接受过科研课程学习/培训、学术组织/学术期刊任职经历、近5年内参加市级以上学术会议和未来5年有提升学历计划是影响社区护士科研能力的因素(P<0.05),共同解释总变异的15.4%(调整R2=0.154,P<0.001)。社区护士在资料收集与整理、科研设计、文献检索、科研选题、数据统计分析与统计软件操作、投稿技巧方面有培训需求。结论社区护士主观自评的科研能力和客观科研产出均有待提高,重点科研人才有待培养。管理者应重视对社区护士进行分层次、针对性的科研培训,以提高社区护士的科研素养和社区护理质量,进而促进社区护理的发展。

Objective To understand the current situation of scientific research ability and training needs of community nurses in China.Methods The convenient sampling method was used to select 3633 community nurses from 16 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities from June to August 2021 to investigate.The contents of the questionnaire included general information,Self-Assessment Scale of Scientific Research Ability for Nursing Staff,scientific research attitude and training needs.A total of 3633 questionnaires were recovered,of which 3561 were valid,with an effective recovery rate of 98.0%.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of the total score of self-assessment of scientific research ability of community nurses.Results The total score of scientific research ability of 3561 community nurses was 39.00(28.00,60.00).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that nursing working years,highest education,received research courses/training,working experience in academic organizations/academic journals,participating in academic conferences or above the municipal level in the past 5 years and having plans to improve academic qualifications in the next 5 years were the influencing factors of scientific research ability of community nurses(P<0.05),jointly explained 15.4%of the total variance(adjusted R2=0.154,P<0.001).Community nurses had training needs in data collection and organization,scientific research design,literature retrieval,scientific research topic selection,data statistical analysis and statistical software operation and submission skills.Conclusions Subjective self-assessment scientific research ability and objective scientific research output of community nurses need to be improved and key scientific research talents need to be cultivated.