基于动力学仿真的铁路平车地板摩阻性能研究

Study on Floor Friction Performance of Railway Flat Car Based on Dynamic Simulation

随着多种新型材料车地板开始逐渐应用于铁路运输,其摩阻性能研究需要进行大量现场试验,成本较高的问题日益凸显。通过借助动力学仿真软件,建立铁路平车地板摩阻性能仿真模型,对照在包头现场试验线进行的木地板立装卷钢冲击试验,将仿真数据与现场试验数据对比,对仿真模型的可靠性进行验证。同时运用该仿真模型,对一种新型复合材料地板摩阻性能进行研究,利用动力学仿真试验,运算出复合地板立装卷钢的冲击位移数据,对比得出复合地板的摩阻性能优于木地板,且更加稳定的结论;并参照现场试验的统计数据,基于控制变量法和仿真试验推算,获得该复合材料的地板摩擦系数值,为今后平车地板摩阻性能的研究提供一种有效的仿真试验方法。

As a variety of new materials are gradually applied to the car floor in railway transportation, a large number of field tests are needed to study the floor friction performance, and the problem of high cost is prominent. In this paper,in virtue of dynamic simulation software, the floor friction performance of railway flat cars was modeled. To verify the reliability of the model, the paper compared the simulation data with the field test data from the impact test of the wooden floor loaded with vertical coil steel on the Baotou field test line. Then, the model was applied to study the friction performance of a new type of composite floor. The impact displacement data of the composite floor loaded with vertical coil steel were calculated by dynamic simulation. It is concluded that the friction performance of the composite floor is better and more stable than that of the wooden floor. At the same time, according to the statistical data of the field test, the friction coefficient of the composite floor was calculated through the method of control variables and simulation test. This paper provides an effective simulation test method for studying the floor friction performance of flat cars.