论“尚书体”的文化内涵与文体特征

On the Culture and Features of “Shang Shu Style”

《尚书》作为儒家五经之一,对我国古代政治制度、思想文化以及社会生活的各个方面均产生了重大而深远的影响,其对文学的影响,集中体现在文体方面。关于《尚书》文体,除了传统的“六体“”十体”等分体论说外,历史上还存在着对《尚书》文体特征的整体论说,其中“尚书体”概念的出现,标志着古人对《尚书》文体认识的深化。“尚书体”植根于古代社会文化传统、审美心理的丰厚土壤中,蕴藏着深厚的历史文化内涵,存在着可供深入开拓的研究空间。本文从文体地位、使用场合、文本制作、文体演变等几个方面,借鉴现代文体学和文化理论,对“尚书体”的历史文化内涵和文体特征作初步的总结概括,以期从新的视角推动《尚书》文体与文学研究的深入开展。

As one of the Confucian Five Classics,Shang Shu has made a profound influence upon all aspects of social life,such as the political system,philosophical ideology,and culture of ancient China,especially the literature.This literary influence is embodied in terms of style.In addition to the traditional six and ten styles propositions,there were some discussions about the stylistic features of Shang Shu as a whole in history.The emergence of“Shang Shu style”marks people’s deeper understanding of it in ancient times.Rooted in the rich social and cultural tradition and aesthetics,“Shang Shu style”has a time-honored history and rich culture,offering great potential for further research.This paper attempts to make a preliminary summary about the history and culture of“Shang Shu style”with references to style,occasion,text,and evolvement based on modern stylistics and cultural theories to promote the development of the stylistic and literary studies on Shang Shu from a new perspective.