从“蛮夷渊薮”到“富庶上国”——论唐宋文人对福建书写的嬗变

From “Territory of Barbarians” to “Country of Prosperity” ——A Study on the Development of Literati’s Writing of Fujian in the Tang and Song Dynasties

福建自秦时便被纳入中华王朝的版图之中,却一直被建构为映射中华先进文明的镜像。这一境况直至唐宋时期才得以转变。初唐至中唐时期,福建仍被中原文人视作化外异方,谈之色变。到了晚唐至五代时期,文人对福建的观感发生了明显的转向,逐渐趋于亲和与友善。两宋时期,“东南乐土”与“海滨邹鲁”则成为福建最突出的标签。此时的福建才完成其文化身份的蜕变,真正意义地融入中华文明之中。通过梳理唐宋文人对福建书写的嬗变,我们可以清晰地窥视到中华文明对边缘文化的涵化过程。

Fujian has been a part of Chinese territory since the Qin Dynasty,but it has always been constructed as a mirror image of the central dynasty’s advanced civilization.This situation did not change until the Tang and Song Dynasties.From the early to the middle Tang Dynasty,Fujian was still regarded as an exotic place by the literati in the Central Plains.From the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties,the literati’s perception of Fujian changed obviously and gradually became kind and friendly.In the Song Dynasty,“Southeast Paradise”and“Coastal Zou Lu”became the most prominent labels of Fujian.At this time,Fujian completed the transformation of its cultural identity and was assimilated into the Chinese civilization.By combing the development of the literati’s writing of Fujian in the Tang and Song dynasties,we can clearly see the acculturation of the Chinese civilization to the marginal culture.