基于“蜂鸣—管道”模型的中国城市知识合作模式及其对知识产出的影响

Knowledge collaboration patterns of Chinese cities and their impacts on knowledge output:An empirical study based the"buzz-and-pipelines"model

知识经济与网络社会时代,知识合作网络成为理解城市创新过程的重要视角。在知识合作网络中,存在两种不同类型的合作模式,即“本地蜂鸣”和“全球管道”。本文以“蜂鸣—管道”模型的逻辑思想和理论假设为基础,探讨区域内和跨区域两种不同城市知识合作模式的特征及其对城市知识产出的影响。首先提出了蜂鸣与管道的测度方法;然后以“Web of Science”数据库为基础构建了中国20个城市群的知识合作网络,考察了网络中蜂鸣和管道的演化路径和组合特征,归纳出城市知识合作模式的不同类型;最后,通过计量模型揭示了蜂鸣和管道对城市知识产出的影响。结果显示:①中国城市知识合作网络中的蜂鸣与管道表现出渐进积累和自我强化的空间演化特征;②根据蜂鸣和管道的组合特征,可将城市划分为“网络型”“外向型”“孤岛型”“内向型”4类,不同类型的城市在知识网络中的空间分布规律和发展演进路径存在差异;③根据负二项回归模型发现,蜂鸣与城市知识产出呈倒“U”型关系;管道与城市知识产出显著正相关;此外,两种合作模式在促进城市知识生产的过程中存在互补效应。

With the rise of the knowledge economy and network society,knowledge collaboration networks have become vital to understanding innovation processes.There are two types of collaboration patterns within interurban knowledge collaboration networks,namely"local buzz"and"global pipelines".This study discusses the characteristics of intraregional and interregional collaboration linkages and their impacts on the knowledge output based on the logic and hypotheses of the"buzz-and-pipelines"model.First,the study proposes novel measures of buzz and pipelines.Second,the study constructs knowledge collaboration networks among 215 cities at prefecture-level and above across 20 urban agglomerations in China based on the co-publication data drawn from the Web of Science.An investigation of the evolution paths and combination patterns of buzz and pipelines in the networks identifies different collaboration patterns among Chinese cities.Finally,the impacts of buzz and pipelines on cities'scientific output are examined.The results show that:(1)The evolution of buzz and pipelines in China's interurban collaboration networks presents cumulative and self-reinforced path dependences.(2)Chinese cities can be categorized into four types,namely"networked","outward-oriented","inward-oriented"and"isolated"cities.Different kinds of cities present distinct features in terms of collaboration trajectories and knowledge production.(3)There is an inverted U-shaped relation between intraregional linkages and the knowledge output performance of Chinese cities,whereas the relation between interregional linkages and knowledge output is significantly positive.The relationship between intraregional and interregional linkages is complementary in facilitating cities'knowledge production processes.