介入再生医学中干细胞治疗研究进展

Progress of Stem Cell Therapy in Interventional Regenerative Medicine

介入再生医学(IRM)是一门通过影像引导微创手术与干细胞的局部递送实现受损器官修复和再生的交叉学科。近年来,基于干细胞的再生治疗已在多项疾病的临床试验中显示出应用前景,然而,通过静脉输入的干细胞会大量聚集于肺和网状内皮系统中,仅有少量细胞能够到达靶组织,使干细胞的临床应用效果难以实现,局部靶向递送是一种有效解决方案。IRM旨在通过经血管内注射、腔内注射或直接注射,将干细胞靶向递送到目标组织器官,提高干细胞再生治疗的功效。综述了再生治疗中常用的干细胞来源、干细胞靶向递送涉及的疾病类型、递送途径和作用机制,展示了IRM中干细胞治疗的研究进展和发展趋势,并对IRM的应用前景及其转化所面临的挑战进行展望和总结。

Interventional regenerative medicine(IRM) is a cross-discipline that achieves repair and regeneration of damaged organs through image-guided minimally invasive surgery and locoregional delivery of stem cells. In recent years, stem cell-based regenerative therapy has shown great promise in the preclinical setting, however, most intravenously delivered cells become trapped in the lungs and reticuloendothelial system, resulting in little cell reaching target tissues, so that the clinical results have been still suboptimal. IRM aims to increase the efficacy of stem cell-based regenerative therapies by locoregional targeted delivery of stem cell via endovascular, endoluminal, or direct injection into tissues and organs. In this review, we summarized the stem cell sources in regenerative therapies, the disease classifications, routes of delivery and mechanisms of action involved in the targeted delivery of stem cells. We showed the development of stem cell therapy in IRM. The application prospects and the barriers to translation of IRM were also discussed.