后扶贫时代乡村相对贫困治理长效机制探究

On the long-term mechanism of rural relative-poverty governance in the post-poverty alleviation era

全面建成小康社会后,脱贫攻坚工作的顺利完成并不是终点,而是新征程的起点。巩固脱贫攻坚战成果、推进相对贫困治理是确保“两个一百年”历史交汇期的奋斗目标不中断、不跨越、不断层的有效之策,也是实现全体人民共同富裕的必要一步。当前,我国在相对贫困治理长效机制构建上面临着脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴未能有效衔接、基层组织制度缺乏创新性、扶贫产业持续发展后劲不足、社会扶贫人才短缺等问题。为确保乡村相对贫困地区及人口得到有效发展,应当构建“五位一体”的乡村相对贫困治理长效机制,包括推进脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴一体化的衔接机制、创新基层党员队伍建设的领导机制、发展乡村特色产业的“供血”机制、激励扶智扶志人才的“造血”机制和优化民生保障分类帮扶的兜底机制。

After building a well-off society in all respects, the smooth completion of poverty alleviation is not the end point, but the starting point of a new journey. Consolidating the achievements of the poverty alleviation fight and promoting relative poverty governance are effective measures to achieve the goals of historical intersection of the "two one hundred years" without interruption, crossing or fault-lines. It is also a necessary step to achieve common prosperity for the people. At present, in the construction of a long-term mechanism for relative poverty governance, China is faced with problems such as ineffective connection between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, lack of innovation in terms of the system of grassroots organization, lack of momentum of sustainable development in the poverty alleviation industry and shortage of social poverty alleviation talents. In order to ensure the effective development of relatively poor rural areas and the population, we should establish long-term mechanisms of the "five-sphere integrated plan" for rural relative poverty governance, including the cohesive mechanism to advance the integration of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, the leading mechanism to innovate the building of community-level Party members, the blood supply mechanism to develop rural characteristic industries, the hematopoietic mechanism to motivate impoverished people to access education and build aspirations and the guarantee mechanism to ensure people′s basic livelihood and support them by category.